Division of Surveillance, Hazard Evaluations, and Field Studies (DSHEFS), National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Cincinnati, Ohio 45226, USA.
Am J Ind Med. 2011 May;54(5):356-65. doi: 10.1002/ajim.20926. Epub 2011 Jan 18.
Lead hazards continue to be encountered in the workplace. OSHA's Integrated Management Information System (IMIS) is the largest available database containing sampling results in US workplaces.
Personal airborne lead sampling results in IMIS were extracted for years 1979-2008. Descriptive analyses, geographical mapping, and regression modeling of results were performed.
Seventy-nine percent of lead samples were in the manufacturing sector. Lead sample results were highest in the construction sector (median = 0.03 mg/m(3) ). NORA sector, year, OSHA region, number of employees at the worksite, federal/state OSHA plan, unionization, advance notification, and presence of an employee representative were statistically associated with having a lead sample result exceed the PEL.
Lead concentrations within construction have been higher than any other industry. Lead hazards have been most prevalent in the north and northeastern US. IMIS data can be useful as a surveillance tool and for targeting prevention efforts toward hazardous industries.
工作场所仍存在铅危害。OSHA 的综合管理信息系统 (IMIS) 是美国工作场所中可用的最大采样结果数据库。
从 1979 年到 2008 年，IMIS 中提取了个人空气传播铅采样结果。对结果进行了描述性分析、地理绘图和回归建模。
79%的铅样本来自制造业。建筑行业的铅样本结果最高（中位数=0.03mg/m3）。NORA 行业、年份、OSHA 地区、工作场所的员工人数、联邦/州 OSHA 计划、工会化、提前通知和员工代表的存在与铅样本结果超过 PEL 呈统计学相关。
建筑行业内的铅浓度一直高于其他任何行业。美国北部和东北部地区铅危害最为普遍。IMIS 数据可用作监测工具，并将预防工作重点针对危险行业。
