Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
Gait Posture. 2011 Mar;33(3):350-5. doi: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2010.09.019. Epub 2011 Jan 19.
The effects of current athletic footwear on lower extremity biomechanics are unknown. The aim of this study was to examine the changes, if any, that occur in peak lower extremity net joint moments while walking in industry recommended athletic footwear. Sixty-eight healthy young adults underwent kinetic evaluation of lower extremity extrinsic joint moments while walking barefoot and while walking in current standard athletic footwear matched to the foot mechanics of each subject while controlling for speed. A secondary analysis was performed comparing peak knee joint extrinsic moments during barefoot walking to those while walking in three different standard footwear types: stability, motion control, and cushion. 3-D motion capture data were collected in synchrony with ground reaction force data collected from an instrumented treadmill. The shod condition was associated with a 9.7% increase in the first peak knee varus moment, and increases in the hip flexion and extension moments. These increases may be largely related to a 6.5% increase in stride length with shoes associated with increases in the ground reaction forces in all three axes. The changes from barefoot walking observed in the peak knee joint moments were similar when subjects walked in all three footwear types. It is unclear to what extent these increased joint moments may be clinically relevant, or potentially adverse. Nonetheless, these differences should be considered in the recommendation as well as the design of footwear in the future.
目前的运动鞋对下肢生物力学的影响尚不清楚。本研究旨在探讨在穿着行业推荐的运动鞋行走时，下肢净关节力矩是否会发生变化。68 名健康的年轻人在赤脚和穿着与每位受试者的足部力学相匹配的标准运动鞋行走时进行了下肢外在关节力矩的动力学评估，同时控制了速度。次要分析比较了赤脚行走时和穿着三种不同标准鞋类（稳定型、运动控制型和缓冲型）时的膝关节外在力矩的峰值。三维运动捕捉数据与从仪器化跑步机收集的地面反力数据同步采集。穿鞋状态与第一峰值膝内翻力矩增加 9.7%，髋关节屈伸力矩增加有关。这些增加可能主要与步长增加 6.5%有关，而与鞋子相关的地面反力在所有三个轴上都增加了。当受试者穿着所有三种鞋类行走时，从赤脚行走观察到的峰值膝关节力矩的变化是相似的。目前尚不清楚这些增加的关节力矩在多大程度上具有临床意义，或者可能是不利的。尽管如此，在未来的鞋类推荐和设计中，都应该考虑到这些差异。
