Department of Pathology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
Trends Immunol. 2011 Feb;32(2):73-9. doi: 10.1016/j.it.2010.12.007. Epub 2011 Jan 19.
The identification of several families of innate pattern recognition receptors has greatly enhanced our understanding of the host innate immune response against a variety of pathogens. One such family of innate receptors is the nucleotide-binding domain and leucine rich repeat containing receptors (NLRs). NOD2 has been characterized as a cytosolic sensor of bacteria peptidoglycan (PGN). For almost 10 years, NOD2 was assigned with the function of mediating the RICK- and nuclear factor-κB induced proinflammatory response triggered by PGN. Recent studies have extended the biological activity of NOD2 to include the induction of autophagy and antiviral responses, as well as mediating direct T cell activation. Here, we highlight and discuss these new findings in the context of immune activation and pathogen detection.
几种先天模式识别受体家族的鉴定极大地增强了我们对宿主先天免疫反应抵抗各种病原体的理解。其中一种先天受体家族是核苷酸结合域和富含亮氨酸重复序列受体（NLRs）。NOD2 已被确定为细菌肽聚糖（PGN）的细胞质传感器。近 10 年来，NOD2 的功能一直被认为是介导 RICK 和核因子-κB 诱导的由 PGN 触发的促炎反应。最近的研究将 NOD2 的生物学活性扩展到包括诱导自噬和抗病毒反应，以及介导直接 T 细胞激活。在这里，我们将在免疫激活和病原体检测的背景下强调和讨论这些新发现。
