Alemany-Cosme Ester, Sáez-González Esteban, Moret Inés, Mateos Beatriz, Iborra Marisa, Nos Pilar, Sandoval Juan, Beltrán Belén
Biomarkers and Precision Medicine Unit, Medical Research Institute Hospital La Fe (IIS La Fe), 46026 Valencia, Spain.
Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research Group, Medical Research Institute Hospital La Fe (IIS La Fe), 46026 Valencia, Spain.
Antioxidants (Basel). 2021 Jan 7;10(1):64. doi: 10.3390/antiox10010064.
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a complex multifactorial disorder in which external and environmental factors have a large influence on its onset and development, especially in genetically susceptible individuals. Crohn's disease (CD), one of the two types of IBD, is characterized by transmural inflammation, which is most frequently located in the region of the terminal ileum. Oxidative stress, caused by an overabundance of reactive oxygen species, is present locally and systemically in patients with CD and appears to be associated with the well-described imbalanced immune response and dysbiosis in the disease. Oxidative stress could also underlie some of the environmental risk factors proposed for CD. Although the exact etiopathology of CD remains unknown, the key role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of CD is extensively recognized. Epigenetics can provide a link between environmental factors and genetics, and numerous epigenetic changes associated with certain environmental risk factors, microbiota, and inflammation are reported in CD. Further attention needs to be focused on whether these epigenetic changes also have a primary role in the pathogenesis of CD, along with oxidative stress.
炎症性肠病（IBD）是一种复杂的多因素疾病，其中外部和环境因素对其发病和发展有很大影响，尤其是在遗传易感个体中。克罗恩病（CD）是两种IBD类型之一，其特征是透壁性炎症，最常发生在回肠末端区域。由活性氧过量引起的氧化应激在CD患者的局部和全身都存在，并且似乎与该疾病中描述详尽的免疫反应失衡和生态失调有关。氧化应激也可能是为CD提出的一些环境风险因素的基础。尽管CD的确切病因病理仍不清楚，但氧化应激在CD发病机制中的关键作用已得到广泛认可。表观遗传学可以在环境因素和遗传学之间建立联系，并且在CD中报道了许多与某些环境风险因素、微生物群和炎症相关的表观遗传变化。除了氧化应激之外，这些表观遗传变化是否在CD的发病机制中也起主要作用还需要进一步关注。
