Department of Cardiovascular Surgery and Laboratory of Biosurgical Research, Pompidou Hospital, University Paris Descartes, 20 rue Leblanc, 75015 Paris, France.
Cardiol Res Pract. 2010 Dec 29;2011:806795. doi: 10.4061/2011/806795.
Cell-based regenerative therapy is undergoing experimental and clinical trials in cardiology, in order to limit the consequences of decreased contractile function and compliance of damaged ventricles following myocardial infarction. Over 1000 patients have been treated worldwide with cell-based procedures for myocardial regeneration. Cellular cardiomyoplasty seems to reduce the size and fibrosis of infarct scars, limit adverse postischemic remodelling, and improve diastolic function. The development of a bioartificial myocardium is a new challenge; in this approach, tissue-engineered procedures are associated with cell therapy. Organ decellularization for bioscaffolds fabrication is a new investigated concept. Nanomaterials are emerging as the main candidates to ensure the achievement of a proper instructive cellular niche with good drug release/administration properties. Investigating the electrophysiological properties of bioartificial myocardium is the challenging objective of future research, associating a multielectrode network to provide electrical stimulation could improve the coupling of grafted cells and scaffolds with host cardiomyocytes. In summary, until now stem cell transplantation has not achieved clear hemodynamic benefits for myocardial diseases. Supported by relevant scientific background, the development of myocardial tissue engineering may constitute a new avenue and hope for the treatment of myocardial diseases.
基于细胞的再生疗法正在心脏病学领域进行实验和临床试验，以限制心肌梗死后收缩功能下降和受损心室顺应性的后果。全球已有超过 1000 名患者接受了基于细胞的心肌再生治疗。细胞心肌成形术似乎可以减小梗塞疤痕的大小和纤维化程度，限制缺血后不良重构，并改善舒张功能。生物人工心脏的发展是一个新的挑战；在这种方法中，组织工程程序与细胞治疗相结合。用于生物支架制造的器官脱细胞化是一个新的研究概念。纳米材料作为确保获得具有良好药物释放/给药特性的适当指导细胞生态位的主要候选材料而出现。研究生物人工心脏的电生理特性是未来研究的挑战性目标，通过多电极网络提供电刺激可以改善移植细胞和支架与宿主心肌细胞的偶联。总之，到目前为止，干细胞移植并没有为心脏病带来明显的血流动力学益处。在相关科学背景的支持下，心肌组织工程的发展可能为治疗心脏病提供新的途径和希望。
