Department of Dermatology , School of Medicine, University of California-Davis, CA, USA.
J Dermatolog Treat. 2012 Jun;23(3):161-7. doi: 10.3109/09546634.2010.535806. Epub 2011 Jan 22.
At the start of the 21st century, the human genome project provided the scientific community with an enormous array of information as genetic blueprints. A landmark period, yet its potential contribution to medicine at the time was limited and unknown. However, with new technological advances, the benefits of identifying genomic profiles became apparent. This article reviews the historical accomplishments made by the human genome project, future applications of genomic expression profiles with the use of microarray gene chip technology, and the pharmacogenomic translational application of these models to dermatology. A new scientific movement in dermatology has begun with intentions of discovering individual genomic profiles responsible for dermatologic disease and drug metabolism, so that medical management can be personalized towards the genome rather than the disease. This review shows how pharmacogenomics has taken the lead in forming a basic framework of revealing specific drug metabolic pathways in the skin that can consequently be altered to maximize and minimize therapeutic efficacy and side effects, respectively. Dermatology as a model field in medicine has started to take advantage of these discoveries upon which deciphering genetic profiles can be used to enhance medical treatment.
在 21 世纪初，人类基因组计划为科学界提供了大量的遗传蓝图信息。这是一个具有里程碑意义的时期，但当时它对医学的贡献是有限的，也是未知的。然而，随着新技术的进步，识别基因组图谱的好处变得明显起来。本文回顾了人类基因组计划所取得的历史成就，未来应用基因组表达谱的微阵列基因芯片技术，以及这些模型在皮肤病学中的药物基因组学转化应用。皮肤病学领域开始了一场新的科学运动，旨在发现导致皮肤病和药物代谢的个体基因组图谱，以便能够根据基因组而非疾病来进行医疗管理。这篇综述展示了药物基因组学如何在形成揭示皮肤中特定药物代谢途径的基本框架方面发挥了主导作用，这些途径可以被改变，以最大限度地提高和最小化治疗效果和副作用。皮肤病学作为医学的一个模型领域，已经开始利用这些发现，通过破译基因图谱来增强医疗效果。
