SS Sviluppo Terapie Innovative, National Institute for Cancer Research, Genova, Italy.
Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2011 Feb;12(3):387-96. doi: 10.1517/14656566.2011.522568.
the loss or impairment of ovarian function is an irreversible side effect that can occur in young cancer patients undergoing anticancer treatments. Its incidence varies according to the type of chemotherapy and the patient's age.
the review includes studies or data available in literature from 1987 to 2010, examining current strategies to protect ovarian function and/or fertility in patients undergoing chemotherapy, which include oocyte, embryo or ovarian tissue cryopreservation, and temporary ovarian suppression during chemotherapy obtained by the administration of gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogues (GnRHa). The reader will gain an understanding of the incidence of premature ovarian function loss associated with chemotherapy; the advantages and disadvantages of the different strategies in protecting ovarian function; and the magnitude of the effect of GnRHa strategy in preserving ovarian function during chemotherapy.
the administration of GnRHa before and during chemotherapy is associated with an absolute reduction in the incidence of early menopause of nearly 20%. Such a strategy may be offered to young cancer patients who are candidates for chemotherapy. The capability of such an approach in inducing long-term preservation of ovarian function including fertility is still unknown.
卵巢功能丧失或受损是癌症患者在接受抗癌治疗时可能出现的一种不可逆转的副作用。其发生率因化疗类型和患者年龄而异。
本综述包括了 1987 年至 2010 年文献中可获得的研究或数据，研究了当前保护化疗患者卵巢功能和/或生育能力的策略，包括卵母细胞、胚胎或卵巢组织冷冻保存，以及通过使用促性腺激素释放激素类似物（GnRHa）进行化疗期间的临时卵巢抑制。读者将了解与化疗相关的卵巢功能早衰的发生率；保护卵巢功能的不同策略的优缺点；以及 GnRHa 策略在化疗期间保护卵巢功能的效果大小。
在化疗前和化疗期间使用 GnRHa 与早期绝经的发生率降低近 20%有关。这种策略可能适用于有化疗适应证的年轻癌症患者。这种方法在诱导卵巢功能（包括生育能力）的长期保存方面的能力仍不清楚。
