Head of Rehabilitation Department at Athletic Club de Bilbao, Garaioltza 147 CP:48196, Lezama (Bizkaia), Spain.
Phys Ther Sport. 2011 Feb;12(1):2-14. doi: 10.1016/j.ptsp.2010.07.003. Epub 2010 Aug 21.
Acute hamstring injuries are the most prevalent muscle injuries reported in sport. Despite a thorough and concentrated effort to prevent and rehabilitate hamstring injuries, injury occurrence and re-injury rates have not improved over the past 28 years. This failure is most likely due to the following: 1) an over-reliance on treating the symptoms of injury, such as subjective measures of "pain", with drugs and interventions; 2) the risk factors investigated for hamstring injuries have not been related to the actual movements that cause hamstring injuries i.e. not functional; and, 3) a multi-factorial approach to assessment and treatment has not been utilized. The purpose of this clinical commentary is to introduce a model for progression through a return-to-sport rehabilitation following an acute hamstring injury. This model is developed from objective and quantifiable tests (i.e. clinical and functional tests) that are structured into a step-by-step algorithm. In addition, each step in the algorithm includes a treatment protocol. These protocols are meant to help the athlete to improve through each phase safely so that they can achieve the desired goals and progress through the algorithm and back to their chosen sport. We hope that this algorithm can serve as a foundation for future evidence based research and aid in the development of new objective and quantifiable testing methods.
急性腿筋损伤是运动中报告的最常见的肌肉损伤。尽管人们已经做出了彻底而集中的努力来预防和康复腿筋损伤，但在过去的 28 年中，受伤发生率和再次受伤率并没有改善。这种失败很可能是由于以下原因造成的：1）过度依赖于用药物和干预措施来治疗受伤的症状，例如“疼痛”等主观指标；2）对腿筋损伤进行调查的风险因素与实际导致腿筋损伤的运动无关，即不具有功能性；3）没有采用多因素评估和治疗方法。本临床评论的目的是介绍一种急性腿筋损伤后重返运动康复的进展模型。该模型是从客观和可量化的测试（即临床和功能测试）中开发出来的，这些测试被结构化到一个逐步的算法中。此外，算法中的每个步骤都包括一个治疗方案。这些方案旨在帮助运动员在每个阶段安全地提高，以便他们能够实现预期的目标，并通过算法恢复到他们选择的运动。我们希望这个算法可以作为未来循证研究的基础，并有助于开发新的客观和可量化的测试方法。
