Department of Clinical, Social, and Administrative Sciences, University of Michigan College of Pharmacy, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0008, USA.
Am J Infect Control. 2011 May;39(4):277-83. doi: 10.1016/j.ajic.2010.07.011. Epub 2011 Jan 22.
Needleless connectors, including the standard split septum and the luer-activated mechanical valve connectors, have been introduced into clinical practice to eliminate the risk of needlestick injuries by avoiding the use of needles when accessing the intravascular catheters. Negative and positive displacement mechanical valves have been associated with increased rates of catheter-related bloodstream infections as compared with split septum connectors. Based on available data, split septum connectors should be preferentially used instead of mechanical valves. Adequate disinfection by scrubbing the access port preferably with chlorhexidine is recommended to minimize the risk of catheter microbial contamination along with proper infection control practices. Large prospective randomized clinical trials are needed to evaluate further the possible causes and effects of different types of mechanical valve needleless connectors on bloodstream infections.
无针连接器，包括标准的分体隔膜和鲁尔激活机械阀连接器，已被引入临床实践，以通过避免在使用血管内导管时使用针头来消除针刺伤的风险。与分体隔膜连接器相比，负位移和正位移机械阀与导管相关血流感染的发生率增加有关。基于现有数据，应优先使用分体隔膜连接器而不是机械阀。建议通过刷洗接入端口（最好使用洗必泰）进行充分消毒，以最大程度降低导管微生物污染的风险，并结合适当的感染控制措施。需要进行大型前瞻性随机临床试验，以进一步评估不同类型的机械阀无针连接器对血流感染的可能原因和影响。
