Department of Psychology, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong.
Am Psychol. 2011 Oct;66(7):593-603. doi: 10.1037/a0022389.
We review recent developments in the study of culture and personality measurement. Three approaches are described: an etic approach that focuses on establishing measurement equivalence in imported measures of personality, an emic (indigenous) approach that studies personality in specific cultures, and a combined emic-etic approach to personality. We propose the latter approach as a way of combining the methodological rigor of the etic approach and the cultural sensitivity of the emic approach. The combined approach is illustrated by two examples: the first with origins in Chinese culture and the second in South Africa. The article ends with a discussion of the theoretical and practical implications of the combined emic-etic approach for the study of culture and personality and for psychology as a science.
我们回顾了文化和人格测量研究的最新进展。描述了三种方法：一种是关注在人格的进口测量中建立测量等效性的演绎法，一种是研究特定文化中的人格的本土法，以及一种人格的综合本土演绎法。我们提出后一种方法是将演绎法的方法严谨性和本土法的文化敏感性结合起来的一种方式。通过两个例子来说明这种综合方法：第一个例子起源于中国文化，第二个例子起源于南非。本文最后讨论了综合本土演绎法对文化和人格研究以及心理学作为一门科学的理论和实际意义。
