Ziv Stephen D Small Paul Root Wolpe A
MedSim-Thomas Jefferson University Medical Simulation Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA and the Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel.
Med Teach. 2000;22(5):489-95. doi: 10.1080/01421590050110777.
Continuous quality improvement is an accepted mandate in healthcare services. The delivery of the best, evidence based quality of care ultimately depends on the competences of practitioners as well as the system that supports their work. Medical education has been increasingly called upon to insure providers possess the skills and understanding necessary to fulfill the quality mission. Patient safety has in the past five years rapidly risen to the top of the healthcare policy agenda, and been incorporated into quality initiatives. Demand for curricula in patient safety and transfer of safety lessons learned in other risky industries have created new responsibilities for medical educators. Simulation based medical education will help fill these needs. Simulation offers ethical benefits, increased precision and relevance of training and competency assessment, and new methods of teaching error management and safety culture.Established and successful simulation methods such as standardized patients and task trainers are being joined by newer approaches enabled by improved technology.
持续质量改进是医疗服务领域公认的一项任务。提供最佳的、基于证据的医疗质量最终取决于从业者的能力以及支持其工作的系统。医学教育越来越多地被要求确保医疗服务提供者具备履行质量使命所需的技能和知识。在过去五年中，患者安全迅速上升至医疗政策议程的首位，并被纳入质量改进计划。对患者安全课程以及在其他高风险行业吸取的安全经验教训传授的需求，给医学教育工作者带来了新的责任。基于模拟的医学教育将有助于满足这些需求。模拟具有伦理优势，能提高培训和能力评估的精准度与相关性，还能提供新的教学方法来教授错误管理和安全文化。诸如标准化病人和任务训练器等既定且成功的模拟方法，正与技术改进催生的更新方法一同出现。
