University of Helsinki, Department of Social Research, Social Psychology, Unioninkatu 37, P.O. Box 54, 00014, University of Helsinki, Finland.
Appetite. 2011 Apr;56(2):495-502. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2011.01.023. Epub 2011 Jan 26.
The consumption of ethical food is an area of major growth. The aim of the current study was to identify ethical concerns regarding food. University students (N=403) from Finland, Denmark and Italy completed a word association task, in which the given stimulus words were "ethical food" and "unethical food". The data was first analysed qualitatively. Next, the most relevant, core categories were identified based on the frequency, rank and contextual stability. The results indicated that fourteen categories reflect the content and nature of ethical thinking with respect to food. The identified categories were required/prohibited food, natural/unnatural, local/global, healthy/unhealthy, equality/inequality, good animal welfare/poor animal welfare, rules and descriptions. In all countries, the core categories emerging from the stimulus word "ethical food" were the required food and the natural, while the core category identified from the stimulus word "unethical food" was the prohibited food. The most prevalent differences between the countries concerned the role of health, country of origin and the descriptions. In conclusion, various ethical aspects are considered when food is evaluated in ethical terms, but the relevance of these aspects differ, even in the European context.
伦理食品的消费是一个主要的增长领域。本研究的目的是确定与食品相关的伦理问题。来自芬兰、丹麦和意大利的 403 名大学生完成了一项词汇联想任务，其中给定的刺激词是“伦理食品”和“不道德食品”。首先对数据进行定性分析。然后，根据频率、等级和上下文稳定性，确定了最相关的核心类别。结果表明，有 14 个类别反映了与食物相关的伦理思维的内容和性质。确定的类别包括必需/禁止食品、自然/非自然、本地/全球、健康/不健康、平等/不平等、良好的动物福利/不良的动物福利、规则和描述。在所有国家，从“伦理食品”这个刺激词中提取出的核心类别是必需食品和天然食品，而从“不道德食品”这个刺激词中提取出的核心类别是禁止食品。国家之间最普遍的差异涉及健康、原产国和描述的作用。总之，在以伦理的角度评价食品时，会考虑到各种伦理方面，但即使在欧洲背景下，这些方面的相关性也存在差异。
