Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
Department of Nutrition, National University of Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia.
Br J Nutr. 2011 Jun 28;105(12):1832-42. doi: 10.1017/S0007114510005647. Epub 2011 Feb 1.
Poor physical fitness is associated with increased health-related risks in children. The association of nutritional status indicators and physical fitness in children residing in developing countries is not well characterised. We conducted a cross-sectional study among 1945 children of age 5-12 years in Bogotá, Colombia, to assess whether anthropometric and micronutrient status indicators were associated with performance in the shuttle run and standing long jump tests. Stunted children scored significantly lower in the run (0·4 s; P = 0·0002) and jump (6 cm; boys only; P = 0·003) tests than non-stunted children, after adjustment for age and other factors. Children who were thin, overweight or obese ran slower than normal-weight children (P < 0·01). Lower jump scores were associated with overweight or obesity and greater arm fat area in boys only (P < 0·0001). Girls with low ferritin concentrations ran 0·6 s slower than girls with normal ferritin concentrations (P = 0·02). Erythrocyte folate concentrations were linearly related to higher run (P < 0·0001) and long jump scores (P = 0·0001). Boys with marginal or low vitamin B12 status had 4 cm lower long jump scores than children with normal status (P = 0·01). Suboptimal anthropometric and micronutrient status are related to poorer performance in fitness tests. The effects of improving nutritional status on physical fitness of children warrant investigation.
身体状况不佳与儿童健康风险增加有关。在发展中国家，儿童营养状况指标与身体状况之间的关系尚未得到充分描述。我们在哥伦比亚波哥大对 1945 名 5-12 岁儿童进行了一项横断面研究，以评估身体形态和微量营养素指标是否与往返跑和立定跳远测试的表现相关。与非发育迟缓儿童相比，发育迟缓儿童在跑步（0.4 秒；P=0.0002）和跳远（6 厘米；仅男孩；P=0.003）测试中的得分明显较低，调整年龄和其他因素后也是如此。消瘦、超重或肥胖的儿童比体重正常的儿童跑得慢（P<0.01）。仅在男孩中，较低的跳远得分与超重或肥胖以及更大的手臂脂肪面积相关（P<0.0001）。仅在女孩中，低铁蛋白浓度的女孩比铁蛋白浓度正常的女孩慢 0.6 秒（P=0.02）。红细胞叶酸浓度与较高的跑步（P<0.0001）和跳远得分呈线性相关（P=0.0001）。边缘或低维生素 B12 状态的男孩的跳远得分比正常状态的男孩低 4 厘米（P=0.01）。身体形态和微量营养素状况不佳与体能测试表现较差有关。改善营养状况对儿童身体健康的影响值得研究。
