Maturu Paramahamsa, Reddy Vaddi Damodara, Padmavathi Pannuru, Varadacharyulu Nallanchakravarthula
Department of Biochemistry, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Anantapur 515055, A.P., India.
Exp Toxicol Pathol. 2012 Nov;64(7-8):697-703. doi: 10.1016/j.etp.2011.01.002. Epub 2011 Feb 1.
Alcohol consumption is associated with a number of toxicological changes in blood and the oxidant-antioxidant system. The present study was performed to investigate the alcohol induced toxicological, pathological changes in blood and an adaptive role of erythrocyte antioxidant system in chronic alcoholics. Human male volunteers aged 44±6 years with similar dietary habits were divided into two groups, namely non-alcoholic controls and chronic alcoholics. We measured hematological parameters, erythrocyte lipid peroxidation, NO production, erythrocyte antioxidant and liver function test enzyme activities. Alcoholics had increased erythrocyte nitric oxide levels and also elevated erythrocyte lipid malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations. Strikingly, increments in reduced glutathione and markedly increased activities of certain antioxidant enzymes such as glutathione reductase (GR), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and another related enzyme G-6 phosphate dehydrogenase (G6-PDH) with no alterations in the activities of glutathione S-transferase (GST), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and catalase (CAT) in chronic alcoholics were observed compared to controls. Furthermore, erythrocyte NO levels were positively correlated with lipid peroxidation, SOD, GSH, GR and G6PDH in chronic alcoholics. In addition, increased AST/ALT ratio and a significant increase in WBC and platelets were also noticed. Together, these results indicate that, antioxidants and defense enzymes appear to be rendering protection as a consequence of chronic adaptation in alcoholics.
酒精摄入与血液及氧化还原系统中的一些毒理学变化相关。本研究旨在调查酒精诱导的血液毒理学、病理变化以及红细胞抗氧化系统在慢性酒精中毒者中的适应性作用。将44±6岁、饮食习惯相似的男性人类志愿者分为两组，即非酒精对照组和慢性酒精中毒者。我们测量了血液学参数、红细胞脂质过氧化、一氧化氮生成、红细胞抗氧化剂及肝功能测试酶活性。酒精中毒者的红细胞一氧化氮水平升高，红细胞脂质丙二醛（MDA）浓度也升高。令人惊讶的是，与对照组相比，慢性酒精中毒者的还原型谷胱甘肽增加，某些抗氧化酶如谷胱甘肽还原酶（GR）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和另一种相关酶6-磷酸葡萄糖脱氢酶（G6-PDH）的活性显著增加，而谷胱甘肽S-转移酶（GST）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPx）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）的活性没有变化。此外，慢性酒精中毒者的红细胞一氧化氮水平与脂质过氧化、SOD、谷胱甘肽、GR和G6PDH呈正相关。此外，还注意到天冬氨酸转氨酶/丙氨酸转氨酶比值增加，白细胞和血小板显著增加。总之，这些结果表明，抗氧化剂和防御酶似乎作为慢性酒精中毒者长期适应的结果发挥保护作用。
