物理约束使用与养老院跌倒：痴呆症患者与非痴呆症患者的比较。
Physical restraint use and falls in nursing homes: a comparison between residents with and without dementia.
机构信息
Department of Health Care Management, Mount Olive College, NC, USA.
出版信息
Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Demen. 2011 Feb;26(1):44-50. doi: 10.1177/1533317510387585.
AIMS
To estimate the use of different types of physical restraints and assess their associations to falls and injuries among residents with and without Alzheimer's disease (AD) or dementia in US nursing homes.
METHODS
Data were from the 2004 National Nursing Home Survey. AD or dementia was identified using International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision (ICD-9) codes. Analyses were conducted with the Surveyfreq and Surveylogistic procedures in SAS v.9.1.
RESULTS
Residents with either AD or dementia were more likely to be physically restrained (9.99% vs 3.91%, P < .001) and less likely to have bed rails (35.06% vs 38.43%, P < .001) than those residents without the disease. The use of trunk restraints was associated with higher risk for falls (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.66, P < .001) and fractures (AOR = 2.77, P < .01) among residents with the disease. The use of full bed rails was associated with lower risk for falls among residents with and without the disease (AOR = 0.67 and AOR = 0.72, Ps < .05, respectively).
CONCLUSIONS
The use of a trunk restraint is associated with a higher risk for falls and fractures among residents with either AD or dementia.
目的
评估美国养老院中患有或不患有阿尔茨海默病（AD）或痴呆症的居民使用不同类型身体约束的情况，并评估其与跌倒和受伤的关系。
方法
数据来自 2004 年全国养老院调查。AD 或痴呆症使用国际疾病分类第 9 版（ICD-9）代码进行识别。使用 SAS v.9.1 的 Surveyfreq 和 Surveylogistic 程序进行分析。
结果
患有 AD 或痴呆症的居民更有可能被身体约束（9.99%对 3.91%，P<0.001），而更少可能使用床栏（35.06%对 38.43%，P<0.001）。躯干约束的使用与患有疾病的居民跌倒（调整后的优势比[OR] = 1.66，P<0.001）和骨折（OR = 2.77，P<0.01）的风险增加有关。完全使用床栏与患有和不患有疾病的居民跌倒的风险降低有关（OR = 0.67 和 OR = 0.72，分别为 P<0.05）。
结论
躯干约束的使用与患有 AD 或痴呆症的居民跌倒和骨折的风险增加有关。
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