Dept. of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
Virology. 2011 Mar 15;411(2):344-54. doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2010.12.041. Epub 2011 Feb 1.
The main impediment to a cure for HIV is the existence of long-lasting treatment resistant viral reservoirs. In this review, we discuss what is currently known about reservoirs, including their formation and maintenance, while focusing on latently infected CD4+ T cells. In addition, we compare several different in vivo and in vitro models of latency. We comment on how each model may reflect the properties of reservoirs in vivo, especially with regard to cell phenotype, since recent studies demonstrate that multiple CD4+ T cell subsets contribute to HIV reservoirs and that with HAART and disease progression the relative contribution of different subsets may change. Finally, we focus on the direct infection of resting CD4+ T cells as a source of reservoir formation and as a model of latency, since recent results help explain the misconception that resting CD4+ T cells appeared to be resistant to HIV in vitro.
HIV 治疗的主要障碍是存在持久的治疗耐药病毒库。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了目前已知的关于病毒库的信息，包括其形成和维持，同时重点关注潜伏感染的 CD4+T 细胞。此外，我们比较了几种不同的潜伏感染的体内和体外模型。我们评论了每种模型如何反映体内病毒库的特性，特别是在细胞表型方面，因为最近的研究表明，多种 CD4+T 细胞亚群有助于 HIV 病毒库的形成，并且随着抗逆转录病毒治疗（HAART）和疾病的进展，不同亚群的相对贡献可能会发生变化。最后，我们重点关注静止 CD4+T 细胞的直接感染作为病毒库形成的来源和潜伏感染的模型，因为最近的结果有助于解释一个误解，即静止 CD4+T 细胞在体外似乎对 HIV 具有抗性。
