Department of Child Development and Family Relations, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27858, USA.
Nutr Res Pract. 2010 Dec;4(6):528-34. doi: 10.4162/nrp.2010.4.6.528. Epub 2010 Dec 28.
This study explores the influence of health behaviors and individual attributes on adolescent overweight and obesity using data from Wave II (Add Health). Structural equation model/path analysis using maximum likelihood estimation was utilized to analyze the relationships of health behaviors and attributes with obesity. Results of the model reveal that the causal paths (adolescents' attributes and health behaviors) for overweight and obesity were different for African American and Caucasian adolescents. Generally, African Americans were more susceptible to overweight and obesity than Caucasians. Although increasing levels of vigorous physical activities lowers the risk for obesity among African American and Caucasian adolescents alike, low family SES and being sedentary were associated with overweight and obesity among Caucasians. No significant associations were found among African Americans. Increased hours of sleep at night relate positively with obesity among African Americans. These findings suggest important elements in the consideration of race in developing effective intervention and prevention approaches for curbing the obesity epidemic among U.S. adolescents.
本研究利用来自“青少年健康追踪调查”（Add Health）第二期的数据，探讨了健康行为和个体特征对青少年超重和肥胖的影响。采用最大似然估计的结构方程模型/路径分析，分析了健康行为和特征与肥胖之间的关系。模型结果表明，非裔美国人和白人青少年超重和肥胖的因果路径（青少年的特征和健康行为）是不同的。一般来说，非裔美国人比白人更容易超重和肥胖。虽然剧烈的体育活动水平的增加降低了非裔美国人和白人青少年肥胖的风险，但低家庭社会经济地位和久坐不动与白人青少年的超重和肥胖有关。而非裔美国人则没有发现显著的关联。夜间睡眠时间的增加与非裔美国人的肥胖呈正相关。这些发现表明，在制定有效的干预和预防措施以遏制美国青少年肥胖流行时，需要考虑到种族这一重要因素。
