Can Fam Physician. 1982 Nov;28:2021-5.
Standard IV therapy for a critically ill patient is a form of semi-starvation. The rate of complications and mortality can be as much as 50% higher in malnourished patients. Assessing patients' nutritional state as it was before the surgery or illness by asking about eating patterns indicates how severely a patient may react to further malnourishment. Even more important is assessment of the patient's immune defense system. Rate of hypermetabolism in the critically ill will indicate the amounts of nutrients needed and when. Enteral feeding is best, where possible. The physician must know the exact contents of whatever liquid diet is being used. If parenteral nutrition is used, stringent aseptic technique must be employed.
危重症患者的标准 IV 治疗是一种半饥饿形式。营养不良患者的并发症和死亡率可高达 50%。通过询问饮食模式来评估患者在手术或疾病之前的营养状况,可以表明患者对进一步营养不良的反应程度。更重要的是评估患者的免疫系统防御能力。危重症患者的高代谢率将表明所需的营养物质的量和时间。在可能的情况下,肠内喂养是最佳选择。医生必须了解正在使用的任何液体饮食的确切内容。如果使用肠外营养,则必须采用严格的无菌技术。