Lipari Elvira Farina, Lipari Diego, Valentino Biagio
Dipartimento di Biomedicina Sperimentale e Neuroscienze Cliniche, Sezione di Anatomia Umana, Università di Palermo, Italy.
Ital J Anat Embryol. 2010;115(3):211-7.
Many studies have demonstrated the involvement of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and vasopressin (VP) in the homeostasis of body fluids, but few studies have regarded the hypothalamic magnocellular neurosecretory system during physical exercises. The aim of the present immunohistochemical work is to study the activity of ANP and VP secreting neurons of the hypothalamic supraoptic nucleus during and after resistance training. The study was carried out in Wistar rats trained by a physical resistance-type exercise, using a rung ladder and a varying load fastened to the tail of each rat; the exercise lasted 20 min everyday for periods of 15, 30 and 45 days. Animal groups were sacrificed at the end of each training period and one group was sacrificed after 60 days from the beginning of training, i.e.15 days after completing a 45 day training. The results show that ANP and VP-immunopositivity is at first lesser in the trained rats than in the corresponding controls and then increases from the 15th to the 45th day of training; the increase of the immunopositivity in the trained rats indicates a decreased degranulation of the neurons. The comparison between VP and ANP-immunopositivity suggests that in the early phase of training VP-release in the bloodstream is higher than ANP-release, therefore the antidiuretic action of VP is expected to prevail on ANP action and an electrolyte unbalance may occur.
许多研究已证明心房利钠肽（ANP）和血管加压素（VP）参与体液平衡，但很少有研究关注体育锻炼过程中的下丘脑大细胞神经分泌系统。本免疫组织化学研究的目的是探讨抗阻训练期间及之后下丘脑视上核中分泌ANP和VP的神经元的活性。该研究以Wistar大鼠为对象，通过体力抗阻型运动进行训练，使用一个 rung ladder 以及固定在每只大鼠尾巴上的可变负荷；每天运动20分钟，持续15、30和45天。在每个训练阶段结束时处死动物组，并且在训练开始60天后，即完成45天训练后的15天，处死一组。结果表明，训练大鼠中ANP和VP免疫阳性起初低于相应对照组，然后从训练第15天到第45天增加；训练大鼠中免疫阳性的增加表明神经元脱颗粒减少。VP和ANP免疫阳性之间的比较表明，在训练早期，血液中VP的释放高于ANP的释放，因此预计VP的抗利尿作用将优于ANP的作用，并且可能会发生电解质失衡。
