经 Sativex 与口服 THC 给药后的主观和生理效应。
Subjective and physiological effects after controlled Sativex and oral THC administration.
机构信息
Chemistry and Drug Metabolism, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
出版信息
Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2011 Mar;89(3):400-7. doi: 10.1038/clpt.2010.318. Epub 2011 Feb 2.
Abstract
Sativex is a cannabis-plant extract delivering nearly 1:1 Δ(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD) by oromucosal spray. It has been suggested that CBD attenuates THC-induced tachycardia, anxiety, and euphoria. In this study, pharmacodynamic effects were compared over 10.5 h in nine cannabis smokers randomly assigned to receive placebo, 5 and 15 mg oral synthetic THC, and low (5.4 mg THC, 5.0 mg CBD) and high (16.2 mg THC, 15.0 mg CBD) doses of Sativex. At therapeutic doses, no substantial CBD-induced modulation of THC's effects was evident. Oral THC and Sativex produced similar, clinically insignificant increases in heart rate, anxiety, and "good drug effects" with no serious adverse events. Oral and oromucosal THC have slower absorption, lower rate of THC delivery to the brain, and fewer associated adverse events as compared with smoked cannabis. These results indicate that Sativex has a pharmacodynamic safety profile comparable to that of oral THC at low, therapeutic doses.
摘要
欣百达（Sativex）是一种通过口腔喷雾释放接近 1:1 的大麻素（Δ(9)-四氢大麻酚（THC）和大麻二酚（CBD）的大麻植物提取物。有研究表明 CBD 可减轻 THC 引起的心动过速、焦虑和欣快。在这项研究中，9 名大麻吸食者被随机分配接受安慰剂、5 毫克和 15 毫克口服合成 THC 以及低剂量（5.4 毫克 THC、5.0 毫克 CBD）和高剂量（16.2 毫克 THC、15.0 毫克 CBD）的欣百达，比较了 10.5 小时的药效。在治疗剂量下，没有明显的 CBD 对 THC 作用的调制。口服 THC 和欣百达均引起相似的、临床意义不大的心率、焦虑和“良好药物效应”增加，无严重不良事件。与吸食大麻相比，口服和口腔喷雾 THC 吸收较慢，大脑中 THC 输送速度较低，相关不良事件较少。这些结果表明，在低剂量、治疗剂量下，欣百达的药效安全性与口服 THC 相当。
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