Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Postgrad Med. 2011 Jan;123(1):34-44. doi: 10.3810/pgm.2011.01.2243.
Obesity is a pandemic with many complications that increase the societal disease burden and cost of health care, and decrease longevity and quality of life. Currently, 1 in 3 adults in the United States is obese. Physicians must therefore regularly confront obesity and its consequent diseases, and develop strategies for effective treatment and management. This article summarizes current lifestyle modifications, pharmacological treatment, and surgical options for the management of obesity and discusses the benefits, limitations, and risks of each. As insights are gained into the pathophysiology of a gut-brain neurochemical feedback axis governing satiety and feeding behavior, targets for new pharmacotherapies are being developed. In particular, gut hormone analogs are an attractive antiobesity therapy because they appear to lack the adverse effects historically associated with central nervous system-acting agents.
肥胖是一种具有多种并发症的流行疾病，它增加了社会疾病负担和医疗保健成本，缩短了寿命并降低了生活质量。目前，美国有三分之一的成年人肥胖。因此，医生必须经常面对肥胖及其相关疾病，并制定有效的治疗和管理策略。本文总结了目前用于肥胖管理的生活方式改变、药物治疗和手术选择，并讨论了每种方法的益处、局限性和风险。随着人们对控制饱腹感和进食行为的肠道-大脑神经化学反馈轴的病理生理学的深入了解，正在开发针对新的药物治疗的靶点。特别是，肠道激素类似物是一种有吸引力的抗肥胖治疗方法，因为它们似乎缺乏与中枢神经系统作用药物相关的不良影响。
