Department of Health Science, University of Genoa, Via Pastore 1, 16132, Genoa, Italy.
Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2011 Aug;30(8):957-64. doi: 10.1007/s10096-011-1180-7. Epub 2011 Feb 4.
We evaluated the rates of gastroenteritis admissions to the emergency department and of rotavirus-related hospitalisations in children ≤5 years of age in 2006 at an Italian paediatric hospital. We calculated the number of rotavirus cases avoidable through the universal vaccination of children. Epidemiological data were extracted from the Data Elaboration Centre. To calculate the hospitalisation rate due to rotavirus, the virus was sought in the faeces of children hospitalised for acute gastroenteritis by means of rapid immunochromatographic assay. Emergency department admissions due to gastroenteritis numbered 2,396 (11.58% of the total admissions). Of these, 276 children (11.52%) were examined and then sent home, 1,286 (53.67%) were kept in short observation and 776 (32.38%) were hospitalised. In 27.83% of hospitalised cases, the rotavirus test proved positive. The rotavirus hospitalisation rate was 55 per 10,000 children ≤5 years of age in Genoa in 2006. In 85.6% of hospitalised patients with community-acquired rotavirus infection, the disease was severe. The number of avoidable cases confirmed that the vaccination of children ≤1 year of age could reduce the burden of rotavirus infection, especially with regard to hospitalisation (45 per 10,000 children ≤5 years of age) and admissions to short observation (85 per 10,000), generating benefits for the Italian healthcare system.
我们评估了意大利一家儿科医院在 2006 年≤5 岁儿童因肠胃炎到急诊就诊的比率，以及轮状病毒相关住院的比率。我们计算了通过普遍为儿童接种疫苗可避免的轮状病毒病例数。流行病学数据从数据处理中心提取。为了计算因轮状病毒导致的住院率，我们通过快速免疫层析测定法，对因急性肠胃炎住院的儿童粪便进行轮状病毒检测。因肠胃炎到急诊就诊的人数为 2396 人（占总就诊人数的 11.58%）。其中 276 名儿童（11.52%）经检查后被送回家，1286 名（53.67%）被留观，776 名（32.38%）住院。住院病例中，27.83%轮状病毒检测呈阳性。2006 年，热那亚≤5 岁儿童的轮状病毒住院率为 55/10000。在因社区获得性轮状病毒感染住院的患者中，85.6%的病情严重。可避免病例数证实，≤1 岁儿童接种疫苗可降低轮状病毒感染负担，特别是住院（5 岁以下儿童 45/10000）和留观（5 岁以下儿童 85/10000），为意大利医疗保健系统带来效益。
