Millership Jeff S
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, Belfast, UK.
Paediatr Anaesth. 2011 Mar;21(3):197-205. doi: 10.1111/j.1460-9592.2011.03535.x.
Details of the development of conventional analytical methods for the determination of drugs in pediatric plasma/serum samples via microassays are presented. Examples of the development of small-volume sampling and the use of the newer detection systems such as LC/MS/MS for enhanced detection are presented. Dried blood spot sampling has conventionally been used for the study of inborn errors of metabolism using Guthrie cards. Limited applications in the area of drug-level determination, for example, in therapeutic drug monitoring had been reported but the methodology had not been widely used up until relatively recently. In the last few years, there has been a resurgence of interest in this methodology for drug-level determinations, and examples of drug analysis in pediatric and neonatal patients where the small-volume samples are particularly useful are presented. The application of the methodology in pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic studies is discussed. The utilization of solid-phase microextraction and stir bar sorptive extraction in drug analysis is presented. Clinical applications of these methodologies are reported including the development of in vivo solid-phase microextraction.
介绍了通过微量分析测定儿科血浆/血清样本中药物的传统分析方法的发展细节。展示了小体积采样的发展实例以及使用诸如LC/MS/MS等新型检测系统以增强检测的情况。传统上，干血斑采样一直用于使用格思里卡片研究先天性代谢缺陷。在药物水平测定领域有一些有限的应用报道，例如在治疗药物监测中，但直到最近该方法都未得到广泛应用。在过去几年中，人们对这种用于药物水平测定的方法重新产生了兴趣，并展示了在儿科和新生儿患者中进行药物分析的实例，其中小体积样本特别有用。讨论了该方法在药代动力学/药效学研究中的应用。介绍了固相微萃取和搅拌棒吸附萃取在药物分析中的应用。报道了这些方法的临床应用，包括体内固相微萃取的发展。
