Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Magee-Womens Hospital, 300 Halket St, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
Pediatrics. 2011 Mar;127(3):494-510. doi: 10.1542/peds.2010-2194. Epub 2011 Feb 14.
The relative effectiveness of interventions to improve parental communication with adolescents about sex is not known.
To compare the effectiveness and methodologic quality of interventions for improving parental communication with adolescents about sex.
We searched 6 databases: OVID/Medline, PsychInfo, ERIC, Cochrane Review, Communication and Mass Media, and the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature. We included studies published between 1980 and July 2010 in peer-reviewed English-language journals that targeted US parents of adolescents aged 11 to 18 years, used an experimental or quasi-experimental design, included a control group, and had a pretest/posttest design. We abstracted data on multiple communication outcomes defined by the integrative conceptual model (communication frequency, content, skills, intentions, self-efficacy, perceived environmental barriers/facilitators, perceived social norms, attitudes, outcome expectations, knowledge, and beliefs). Methodologic quality was assessed using the 11-item methodologic quality score.
Twelve studies met inclusion criteria. Compared with controls, parents who participated in these interventions experienced improvements in multiple communication domains including the frequency, quality, intentions, comfort, and self-efficacy for communicating. We noted no effects on parental attitudes toward communicating or the outcomes they expected to occur as a result of communicating. Four studies were of high quality, 7 were of medium quality, and 1 was of lower quality.
Our review was limited by the lack of standardized measures for assessing parental communication. Still, interventions for improving parent-adolescent sex communication are well designed and have some targeted effects. Wider dissemination could augment efforts by schools, clinicians, and health educators.
目前尚不清楚提高父母与青少年进行性交流的干预措施的相对有效性。
比较改善父母与青少年进行性交流的干预措施的有效性和方法学质量。
我们检索了 6 个数据库：OVID/Medline、PsychInfo、ERIC、Cochrane 评价、沟通与大众媒体和护理与联合健康文献累积索引。我们纳入了 1980 年至 2010 年 7 月间发表在同行评议的英文期刊上的研究，这些研究以美国 11 至 18 岁青少年的父母为目标人群，采用实验或准实验设计，包括对照组，并采用前测/后测设计。我们提取了综合概念模型（沟通频率、内容、技能、意图、自我效能、感知环境障碍/促进因素、感知社会规范、态度、结果预期、知识和信念）所定义的多种沟通结果的数据。方法学质量使用 11 项方法学质量评分进行评估。
符合纳入标准的研究有 12 项。与对照组相比，参与这些干预措施的父母在多个沟通领域有所改善，包括沟通的频率、质量、意图、舒适度和自我效能感。我们没有注意到父母对沟通的态度或他们对沟通结果的预期有任何影响。其中 4 项研究质量较高，7 项研究质量中等，1 项研究质量较低。
我们的综述受到缺乏评估父母沟通的标准化措施的限制。尽管如此，改善父母-青少年性沟通的干预措施设计良好，具有一定的针对性效果。更广泛的传播可以增强学校、临床医生和健康教育者的努力。
