Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA.
Br Med Bull. 2011;97:81-104. doi: 10.1093/bmb/ldr003. Epub 2011 Feb 15.
There are a number of conditions of the bladder that can lead to loss of function. Many of these require reconstructive procedures. However, current techniques may lead to a number of complications. Replacement of bladder tissues with functionally equivalent ones created in the laboratory could improve the outcome of reconstructive surgery. A review of the literature was conducted using PubMed to identify studies that provide evidence that tissue engineering techniques may be useful in the development of alternatives to current methods of bladder reconstruction. A number of animal studies and several clinical experiences show that it is possible to reconstruct the bladder using tissues and neo-organs produced in the laboratory. Materials that could be used to create functionally equivalent urologic tissues in the laboratory, especially non-autologous cells that have the potential to reject have many technical limitations. Current research suggests that the use of biomaterial-based, bladder-shaped scaffolds seeded with autologous urothelial and smooth muscle cells is currently the best option for bladder tissue engineering. Further research to develop novel biomaterials and cell sources, as well as information gained from developmental biology, signal transduction studies and studies of the wound healing response would be beneficial.
有许多膀胱疾病会导致功能丧失。其中许多疾病需要进行重建手术。然而，目前的技术可能会导致许多并发症。用实验室中制造的具有同等功能的膀胱组织替代，可以改善重建手术的效果。使用 PubMed 对文献进行综述，以确定提供证据表明组织工程技术可能对开发替代当前膀胱重建方法有用的研究。许多动物研究和一些临床经验表明，使用实验室中产生的组织和新器官重建膀胱是可行的。可用于在实验室中创建具有同等功能的泌尿科组织的材料，尤其是有可能被排斥的非自体细胞，存在许多技术限制。目前的研究表明，使用基于生物材料的、膀胱形状的支架，种植自体尿路上皮和平滑肌细胞，是目前膀胱组织工程的最佳选择。进一步的研究旨在开发新型生物材料和细胞来源，并从发育生物学、信号转导研究和创伤愈合反应研究中获取信息，这将是有益的。
