Centre for Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Family Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
J Environ Sci Health B. 2011;46(2):163-72. doi: 10.1080/03601234.2011.535384.
The study investigated urinary levels of dialkyl phosphates resulting from pesticide exposure amongst 40 farm workers. Workers were tested (urinary dialkyl phosphate levels, anthropometry, short exposure questionnaire) before and after the first day of seasonal chlorpyrifos spraying. Median baseline urinary dialkyl phosphates was high amongst both non-applicators (1587.5 μg/g creatinine, n = 8) and applicators (365.6 μg/g creatinine, n = 9). There was not much evidence of an increase in post-spray dialkyl phosphates levels from pre-spray levels amongst both applicators and non-applicators. Hours mixing, spraying, driving a tractor and hours worked by non-applicators were not significantly associated with an increase in post-spray dialkyl phosphate levels, adjusting for age, height, weight, gender, use of empty pesticide containers and self-reported kidney problems. Past applicator status was weakly positively associated with pre-spray dialkyl phosphate levels adjusting for age, height, weight, and gender, self-reported kidney problems, smoking and alcohol (β= 1019.5, p = 0.307, R² = 0.28). The high dialkyl phosphate levels call for an epidemiological investigation into the health effects of organophosphorous pesticides.
本研究调查了 40 名农场工人因接触农药而导致的尿中二烷基磷酸酯水平。工人在季氯菊酯喷洒的第一天前后进行了（尿中二烷基磷酸酯水平、人体测量学、短期暴露问卷）测试。在非施药者（1587.5μg/g 肌酐，n=8）和施药者（365.6μg/g 肌酐，n=9）中，基线尿中二烷基磷酸酯中位数均较高。在非施药者和施药者中，施药后二烷基磷酸酯水平较施药前均无明显升高。混合、喷洒、驾驶拖拉机的时间以及非施药者的工作时间与施药后二烷基磷酸酯水平的升高无显著相关性，调整年龄、身高、体重、性别、使用空农药容器和自我报告的肾脏问题。过去的施药情况与调整年龄、身高、体重和性别、自我报告的肾脏问题、吸烟和饮酒后的预喷二烷基磷酸酯水平呈弱正相关（β=1019.5，p=0.307，R²=0.28）。高二烷基磷酸酯水平呼吁对有机磷农药的健康影响进行流行病学调查。
