School of Community and Global Health, Claremont Graduate University, Claremont, San Dimas, CA, USA.
Am J Public Health. 2011 Apr;101(4):699-706. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2010.191668. Epub 2011 Feb 17.
We used nationally representative data to examine racial/ethnic disparities in smoking behaviors, smoking cessation, and factors associated with cessation among US adults.
We analyzed data on adults aged 20 to 64 years from the 2003 Tobacco Use Supplement to the Current Population Survey, and we examined associations by fitting adjusted logistic regression models to the data.
Compared with non-Hispanic Whites, smaller proportions of African Americans, Asian Americans/Pacific Islanders, and Hispanics/Latinos had ever smoked. Significantly fewer African Americans reported long-term quitting. Racial/ethnic minorities were more likely to be light and intermittent smokers and less likely to smoke within 30 minutes of waking. Adjusted models revealed that racial/ethnic minorities were not less likely to receive advice from health professionals to quit smoking, but they were less likely to use nicotine replacement therapy.
Specific needs and ideal program focuses for cessation may vary across racial/ethnic groups, such that approaches tailored by race/ethnicity might be optimal. Traditional conceptualizations of cigarette addiction and the quitting process may need to be revised for racial/ethnic minority smokers.
我们利用全国代表性数据，研究美国成年人的吸烟行为、戒烟情况以及与戒烟相关的因素存在的种族/民族差异。
我们分析了 2003 年烟草使用补充调查与当前人口调查的 20 至 64 岁成年人的数据，并通过拟合调整后的逻辑回归模型来研究这些数据的关联。
与非西班牙裔白人相比，非裔美国人、亚裔美国人/太平洋岛民和西班牙裔/拉丁裔的吸烟比例较小。报告长期戒烟的非裔美国人明显较少。少数民族更有可能是轻度和间歇性吸烟者，而且不太可能在醒来后 30 分钟内吸烟。调整后的模型显示，少数民族不太可能从健康专业人员那里获得戒烟建议，但他们不太可能使用尼古丁替代疗法。
可能需要根据种族/民族的不同，制定有针对性的戒烟计划，以满足不同种族/民族的特殊需求和理想的计划重点。可能需要为少数民族吸烟者修订传统的香烟成瘾和戒烟过程的概念。
