University of Western Australia, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
Aging Clin Exp Res. 2012 Feb;24(1):85-96. doi: 10.3275/7518. Epub 2011 Feb 21.
Several lines of evidence suggest that the multisystem disease seen in drug addicts may reflect acceleration of underlying degenerative or ageing processes. Patients presenting for management of their clinical opiate substance use disorder (SUD) were therefore compared with general medical non-SUD (N-SUD) patients.
Differences in dental, psychiatric and hair graying indices at both temple and vertex were studied and combined with principal component (PC) analysis. Arcsinh transformation of the data were considered, as this improved the normality of the parameter distributions.
95 opiate dependent SUD and 32 N-SUD patients were studied. The mean (±SD) ages were 33.47±7.98 vs 57.81±17.13 years and sex was 75.8% and 63.6% male (p - n.s.) in the SUD and N-SUD groups respectively. The addicted population was more severe as a function of age on all indices (p<0.05). The arcsinh transformation of PC1+PC2 was significantly different by addiction status both as a category on its own and after interaction with age (both p<0.0005), and was associated with a calculated 22.3% age advancement at 60 years of age. Interactions between age, and PC's of opiate and inhaled intoxicant dose and duration of exposure were highly significant (p<0.01). Tobacco, cannabis, heroin and methadone dose and/or duration of exposure were significantly related to the identified physiological deficit both alone, and as interactions with each other and with age (most interactions p<0.01).
These findings have implications for understanding the pathophysiology of drug addiction and imply that the high rate of morbidity seen in drug dependent patients may be related to underlying subclinical ager related changes, choice of opiate pharmacotherapeutic agent, considerations of duration of treatment, and conversely for the pathophysiology of the development of age related disease.
有多项证据表明，吸毒者所患的多系统疾病可能反映了潜在退行性或衰老过程的加速。因此，我们将接受临床阿片类物质使用障碍（SUD）治疗的患者与一般医学非 SUD（N-SUD）患者进行了比较。
研究了颞部和顶部的牙齿、精神和头发灰白指数的差异，并结合主成分（PC）分析。考虑对数据进行反正弦变换，因为这可以改善参数分布的正态性。
研究了 95 例阿片类药物依赖 SUD 和 32 例 N-SUD 患者。SUD 和 N-SUD 组的平均（±SD）年龄分别为 33.47±7.98 岁和 57.81±17.13 岁，性别分别为 75.8%和 63.6%为男性（p-无统计学意义）。成瘾人群在所有指标上的年龄严重程度均高于非成瘾人群（p<0.05）。PC1+PC2 的反正弦变换在成瘾状态上均有显著差异，无论是作为一个类别还是与年龄相互作用时（均 p<0.0005），并且与 60 岁时计算出的 22.3%年龄提前相关。年龄、阿片类药物和吸入性中毒剂量和暴露持续时间的 PC 之间的相互作用高度显著（p<0.01）。烟草、大麻、海洛因和美沙酮的剂量和/或暴露持续时间与所确定的生理缺陷单独相关，并且与它们之间的相互作用以及与年龄的相互作用相关（大多数相互作用 p<0.01）。
这些发现对理解药物成瘾的病理生理学具有重要意义，并且表明在药物依赖患者中看到的高发病率可能与潜在的亚临床与年龄相关的变化、阿片类药物治疗药物的选择、治疗持续时间的考虑有关，反之亦然，与年龄相关疾病的发展的病理生理学有关。
