Department of Behavioral Science, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center.
Exp Clin Psychopharmacol. 2011 Feb;19(1):40-52. doi: 10.1037/a0022114.
We used multimodal measurement to evaluate whether (a) nicotine dependence is associated with baseline and postquit negative affect and craving, (b) smoking relapse is associated with greater negative affect and craving than abstinence, and (c) craving is associated with negative affect. Treatment-seeking smokers were randomly assigned to either a brief behaviorally based smoking-cessation treatment condition or to a delayed treatment control condition. Participants in the treatment condition attended four assessment sessions, 4-5 days prequit (baseline), 1-2 days postquit, 3-5 days postquit, and 10-14 days postquit, while controls attended four sessions spaced over the same intervals. Retrospective questionnaires were collected at the beginning of each session, and corrugator EMG and in-session ratings were collected during viewing of affective and cigarette-related slides. The multimodal measures indicated that more dependent smokers experienced greater negative affect and craving at baseline and postquit, regardless of abstinence status. The self-report measures indicated that both relapsed and abstinent smokers reported greater negative affect and craving than control smokers. Craving was associated with negative affect across measurement modalities. These results highlight the benefits of using multimodal measures to study the impact of nicotine dependence and withdrawal on negative affect and craving.
(a)尼古丁依赖是否与戒烟前后的负面情绪和渴望有关;(b)与戒断相比,复吸是否与更大的负面情绪和渴望有关;(c)渴望是否与负面情绪有关。有治疗需求的吸烟者被随机分配到一个简短的基于行为的戒烟治疗组或一个延迟治疗对照组。治疗组的参与者参加了四个评估会议,分别是戒烟前 4-5 天(基线)、戒烟后 1-2 天、戒烟后 3-5 天和戒烟后 10-14 天,而对照组在相同的时间间隔内参加了四个会议。在每次会议开始时收集回顾性问卷,并在观看情感和香烟相关幻灯片时收集皱眉肌 EMG 和会议内评分。多模态测量结果表明,无论是否戒烟,依赖性较强的吸烟者在基线和戒烟后都经历了更大的负面情绪和渴望。自我报告的测量结果表明,复吸和戒烟的吸烟者比对照组的吸烟者报告了更大的负面情绪和渴望。渴望与不同的测量模式中的负面情绪有关。这些结果突出了使用多模态测量来研究尼古丁依赖和戒断对负面情绪和渴望的影响的好处。