Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA.
Clin Infect Dis. 2011 Jan 1;52 Suppl 1:S183-8. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciq036.
We describe the clinical findings of HIV-infected patients hospitalized with 2009 pandemic influenza A (pH1N1). Data were derived from 3 separate case series in the United States. Among 911 adults hospitalized with pH1N1 influenza, 31 (3.4%) were HIV infected compared with an HIV prevalence of 0.45% in the general US adult population. HIV-infected influenza patients experienced similar rates of intensive care unit admission (29% vs 34%) and death (13% vs 13%) compared with non-HIV-infected patients. Among HIV-infected patients with available data, 14 (50%) of 28 patients had a CD4 cell count <200 cells/μL, which was not associated with an increased risk of an intensive care unit admission or death. Overall, 25 (81%) HIV-infected patients received influenza antiviral therapy, but treatment was initiated within 48 h of illness onset in only 33% of cases. Clinicians should consider early empiric influenza antiviral treatment in HIV-infected patients presenting with suspected influenza.
我们描述了感染 HIV 的患者因 2009 年大流行性流感 A（pH1N1）住院的临床发现。这些数据来自美国的 3 项独立病例系列研究。在因 pH1N1 流感住院的 911 名成年人中，有 31 名（3.4%）感染了 HIV，而美国普通成年人口中 HIV 的流行率为 0.45%。与非 HIV 感染者相比，HIV 感染者入住重症监护病房的比例（29%比 34%）和死亡比例（13%比 13%）相似。在有可用数据的 HIV 感染者中，28 名患者中有 14 名（50%）的 CD4 细胞计数<200 个/μL，但这与入住重症监护病房或死亡的风险增加无关。总体而言，25 名（81%）HIV 感染者接受了流感抗病毒治疗，但只有 33%的病例在发病后 48 小时内开始治疗。临床医生应考虑对出现疑似流感症状的 HIV 感染者进行早期经验性流感抗病毒治疗。
