Department of Psychology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
Neurorehabil Neural Repair. 2011 Jun;25(5):477-83. doi: 10.1177/1545968310395602. Epub 2011 Feb 22.
Rehabilitation improves recovery after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) caused by collagenase infusion into the striatum of rats by promoting dendritic growth and reducing brain injury in this model.
Effective preclinical testing requires multiple models because none, including the collagenase model, perfectly mimics human ICH. Thus, the authors assessed enhanced rehabilitation (ER), a combination of environmental enrichment and task-specific motor training, on skilled reaching, lesion size, and dendritic plasticity after whole blood-induced, striatal ICH.
Three groups of rats were trained to retrieve food in a reaching task prior to ICH. One group was euthanized at 7 days, whereas 2 groups survived 7 weeks post-ICH. Of the latter, 1 group received 2 weeks of ER starting at 7 days, whereas controls did not. Reaching success was assessed 6 weeks after ICH. Lesion volume and dendritic length and complexity (contralateral striatum) were assessed.
The ICH caused reaching deficits that were markedly attenuated by ER as observed previously in the collagenase model. In contrast to that model, there was a time-dependent decline in dendritic length after untreated, whole blood-induced ICH. Furthermore, behavioral recovery was not accompanied by changes in lesion volume or contralateral dendritic morphology.
Converging data from animal models support the use of rehabilitation for ICH patients. However, although rehabilitation effectively promotes behavioral recovery, the mechanisms of action vary by model making it difficult to predict clinical effects.
胶原酶注入纹状体可诱发大鼠脑出血（ICH），康复治疗可促进树突生长，减轻该模型的脑损伤，从而改善脑出血后的恢复。
有效的临床前测试需要使用多种模型，因为包括胶原酶模型在内的任何模型都不能完全模拟人类 ICH。因此，作者评估了增强康复（ER）对全血诱导纹状体 ICH 后熟练取食、损伤大小和树突可塑性的影响，ER 是环境丰富和任务特异性运动训练的结合。
三组大鼠在 ICH 前接受取食任务训练。一组大鼠在 7 天时处死，另外两组大鼠在 ICH 后存活 7 周。其中一组大鼠在 7 天时开始接受 2 周的 ER，而对照组大鼠不接受 ER。ICH 后 6 周评估取食成功率。评估损伤体积和树突长度和复杂度（对侧纹状体）。
ICH 导致取食缺陷，与之前胶原酶模型的结果一致，ER 可显著减轻取食缺陷。与胶原酶模型不同，未经治疗的全血诱导 ICH 后，树突长度呈时间依赖性下降。此外，行为恢复并不伴有损伤体积或对侧树突形态的变化。
来自动物模型的一致数据支持将康复治疗用于 ICH 患者。然而，尽管康复治疗能有效促进行为恢复，但不同模型的作用机制不同，这使得难以预测临床效果。
