Institut Pasteur, Unité des Bactéries Anaérobies et Toxines, 25 rue du Dr Roux, 75724 Paris cedex 15, France.
J Med Microbiol. 2011 Aug;60(Pt 8):1057-1069. doi: 10.1099/jmm.0.029314-0. Epub 2011 Feb 24.
Clostridial glucosylating toxins are the main virulence factors of clostridia responsible for gangrene and/or colitis. These toxins have been well characterized to inactivate Rho/Ras-GTPases through glucosylation. However, the signalling pathways downstream of Rho/Ras-GTPases leading to the intracellular effects of these toxins are only partially known. Rac-dependent modification of focal adhesion complexes and phosphoinositide metabolism seem to be key processes involved in actin filament depolymerization and disorganization of intercellular junctions. In addition, clostridial glucosylating toxins induce Rho/Ras-independent intracellular effects such as activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways, which are used by some of these toxins to trigger an inflammatory response.
梭菌糖基化毒素是导致坏疽和/或结肠炎的梭菌的主要毒力因子。这些毒素已被很好地表征为通过糖基化使 Rho/Ras-GTPases 失活。然而，导致这些毒素细胞内效应的 Rho/Ras-GTPases 下游信号通路仅部分已知。Rac 依赖性粘着斑复合物的修饰和磷酸肌醇代谢似乎是涉及肌动蛋白丝解聚和细胞间连接解体的关键过程。此外，梭菌糖基化毒素诱导 Rho/Ras 非依赖性的细胞内效应，如丝裂原活化蛋白激酶途径的激活，其中一些毒素利用这些途径引发炎症反应。
