Fluminense Federal University, Cell Therapy Center, Avenida Marquês de Paraná, 303, Niterói, BR 24030-215, Brazil.
Biotechnol Bioeng. 2011 Jun;108(6):1246-50. doi: 10.1002/bit.23117. Epub 2011 Mar 17.
Signal transduction involves studying the intracellular mechanisms that govern cellular responses to external stimuli such as hormones, cytokines, and also cell adhesion to biomaterials surfaces. Several events have been shown to be responsible for cellular adhesion and adaptation onto different surfaces. For instance, cytoskeletal rearrangements during cell adhesion require the recruitment of specific protein tyrosine kinases into focal adhesion structures that promote transient focal adhesion kinase and Src phosphorylations, initially modulating cell behavior. In addition, the phosphorylation of tyrosine (Y) residues have been generally accepted as a critical regulator of a wide range of cell-related processes, including cell proliferation, migration, differentiation, survival signalling, and energy metabolism. The understanding of the signaling involved on the mechanisms of osteoblast adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation on implant surfaces is fundamental for the successful design of novel "smart" materials, potentially decreasing the repair time, thereby allowing for faster patient rehabilitation.
信号转导涉及研究细胞内机制，这些机制控制着细胞对外部刺激（如激素、细胞因子）的反应，以及细胞对生物材料表面的黏附。已经有几项研究表明，细胞黏附和适应不同表面的过程涉及到几种事件。例如，细胞黏附过程中的细胞骨架重排需要特定的蛋白酪氨酸激酶募集到黏附斑结构中，从而促进短暂的黏附斑激酶和Src 的磷酸化，最初调节细胞行为。此外，酪氨酸（Y）残基的磷酸化通常被认为是广泛的细胞相关过程的关键调节剂，包括细胞增殖、迁移、分化、存活信号和能量代谢。了解在植入物表面上成骨细胞黏附、增殖和分化的信号转导机制对于新型“智能”材料的成功设计至关重要，这可能会缩短修复时间，从而使患者更快地康复。
