Channing Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Diabetes Care. 2011 Apr;34(4):892-7. doi: 10.2337/dc10-2087. Epub 2011 Feb 25.
Accumulating evidence has identified a positive association between active smoking and the risk of diabetes, but previous studies had limited information on passive smoking or changes in smoking behaviors over time. This analysis examined the association between exposure to passive smoke, active smoking, and the risk of incident type 2 diabetes among women.
This is a prospective cohort study of 100,526 women in the Nurses' Health Study who did not have prevalent diabetes in 1982, with follow-up for diabetes for 24 years.
We identified 5,392 incident cases of type 2 diabetes during 24 years of follow-up. Compared with nonsmokers with no exposure to passive smoke, there was an increased risk of diabetes among nonsmokers who were occasionally (relative risk [RR] 1.10 [95% CI 0.94-1.23]) or regularly (1.16 [1.00-1.35]) exposed to passive smoke. The risk of incident type 2 diabetes was increased by 28% (12-50) among all past smokers. The risk diminished as time since quitting increased but still was elevated even 20-29 years later (1.15 [1.00-1.32]). Current smokers had the highest risk of incident type 2 diabetes in a dose-dependent manner. Adjusted RRs increased from 1.39 (1.17-1.64) for 1-14 cigarettes per day to 1.98 (1.57-2.36) for ≥25 cigarettes per day compared with nonsmokers with no exposure to passive smoke.
Our study suggests that exposure to passive smoke and active smoking are positively and independently associated with the risk of type 2 diabetes.
越来越多的证据表明，主动吸烟与糖尿病风险呈正相关，但之前的研究对于被动吸烟或吸烟行为随时间的变化的信息有限。本分析检查了暴露于被动吸烟、主动吸烟与女性 2 型糖尿病发病风险之间的关系。
这是一项对 1982 年无糖尿病的 100526 名护士健康研究女性进行的前瞻性队列研究，随访 24 年糖尿病。
我们在 24 年的随访中发现了 5392 例 2 型糖尿病新发病例。与不吸烟且未接触过被动吸烟的人相比，偶尔（相对风险 [RR] 1.10 [95%CI 0.94-1.23]）或经常（1.16 [1.00-1.35]）接触被动吸烟的不吸烟者患糖尿病的风险增加。所有过去吸烟者的 2 型糖尿病发病风险增加了 28%（12-50）。随着戒烟时间的延长，风险逐渐降低，但即使在 20-29 年后仍处于升高状态（1.15 [1.00-1.32]）。目前吸烟者的 2 型糖尿病发病风险呈剂量依赖性增加。与不吸烟且未接触过被动吸烟的人相比，每天吸烟 1-14 支者的调整 RR 从 1.39（1.17-1.64）增加到每天吸烟≥25 支者的 1.98（1.57-2.36）。
我们的研究表明，暴露于被动吸烟和主动吸烟与 2 型糖尿病的发病风险呈正相关且独立相关。
