Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QX, UK.
Cereb Cortex. 2011 Oct;21(10):2187-203. doi: 10.1093/cercor/bhq278. Epub 2011 Mar 2.
There is currently a debate about the evolutionary origin of the earliest generated cortical preplate neurons and their derivatives (subplate and marginal zone). We examined the subplate with murine markers including nuclear receptor related 1 (Nurr1), monooxygenase Dbh-like 1 (Moxd1), transmembrane protein 163 (Tmem163), and connective tissue growth factor (Ctgf) in developing and adult turtle, chick, opossum, mouse, and rat. Whereas some of these are expressed in dorsal pallium in all species studied (Nurr1, Ctgf, and Tmem163), we observed that the closely related mouse and rat differed in the expression patterns of several others (Dopa decarboxylase, Moxd1, and thyrotropin-releasing hormone). The expression of Ctgf, Moxd1, and Nurr1 in the oppossum suggests a more dispersed subplate population in this marsupial compared with mice and rats. In embryonic and adult chick brains, our selected subplate markers are primarily expressed in the hyperpallium and in the turtle in the main cell dense layer of the dorsal cortex. These observations suggest that some neurons that express these selected markers were present in the common ancestor of sauropsids and mammals.
目前，关于最早产生的皮质前板神经元及其衍生物（基板和边缘区）的进化起源存在争议。我们使用鼠类标记物（包括核受体相关 1（Nurr1）、单加氧酶 Dbh 样 1（Moxd1）、跨膜蛋白 163（Tmem163）和结缔组织生长因子（Ctgf））检查了发育中和成年龟、鸡、负鼠、鼠和大鼠的基板。虽然其中一些在所有研究物种的背侧脑皮层中表达（Nurr1、Ctgf 和 Tmem163），但我们观察到，密切相关的鼠和大鼠在其他几种的表达模式上存在差异（多巴胺脱羧酶、Moxd1 和促甲状腺素释放激素）。负鼠中 Ctgf、Moxd1 和 Nurr1 的表达表明，与鼠和大鼠相比，这种有袋动物的基板种群更为分散。在胚胎和成年鸡脑中，我们选择的基板标记物主要在类爬行类和哺乳动物的共同祖先的脑皮层背侧的高级脑皮层和海龟的主要细胞密集层中表达。这些观察结果表明，表达这些选定标记物的一些神经元存在于蜥形目动物和哺乳动物的共同祖先中。
