Family and Community Medicine Department, University of Missouri, MA 306 Medical Science Building, Columbia, MO 65212, USA.
Nicotine Tob Res. 2011 Jun;13(6):440-8. doi: 10.1093/ntr/ntr021. Epub 2011 Mar 3.
The purpose of this study is to more completely quantify smoking rate and support for smoke-free policies in private and public environments from a large sample of self-identified sexual and gender minority (SGM) populations.
A targeted sampling strategy recruited participants from 4 Missouri Pride Festivals and online surveys targeted to SGM populations during the summer of 2008. A 24-item survey gathered information on gender and sexual orientation, smoking status, and questions assessing behaviors and preferences related to smoke-free policies.
The project recruited participants through Pride Festivals (n = 2,676) and Web-based surveys (n = 231) representing numerous sexual and gender orientations and the racial composite of the state of Missouri. Differences were found between the Pride Festivals sample and the Web-based sample, including smoking rates, with current smoking for the Web-based sample (22%) significantly less than the Pride Festivals sample (37%; p < .0001). The SGM group (n = 2,162) was 1.49 times more likely to be current smokers compared with the study's heterosexual group (n = 436; p = .005). Statistically fewer SGM racial minorities (33%) are current smokers compared with SGM Whites (37%; p = .04). Support and preferences for public and private smoke-free environments were generally low in the SGM population.
The strategic targeting method achieved a large and diverse sample. The findings of high rates of smoking coupled with generally low levels of support for smoke-free public policies in the SGM community highlight the need for additional research to inform programmatic attempts to reduce tobacco use and increase support for smoke-free environments.
本研究的目的是从大量自我认同的性少数群体和性别少数群体（SGM）中更全面地量化吸烟率和对私人及公共环境无烟政策的支持率。
采用有针对性的抽样策略，从密苏里州 4 个骄傲节和 2008 年夏季针对 SGM 群体的在线调查中招募参与者。24 项问卷调查了参与者的性别和性取向、吸烟状况，以及与无烟政策相关的行为和偏好问题。
该项目通过骄傲节（n=2676）和基于网络的调查（n=231）招募了代表多种性取向和性别认同以及密苏里州种族组合的参与者。骄傲节样本和网络样本之间存在差异，包括吸烟率，网络样本的当前吸烟率（22%）明显低于骄傲节样本（37%；p<.0001）。与该研究的异性恋组（n=436；p=.005）相比，SGM 组（n=2162）的当前吸烟者比例高 1.49 倍。与 SGM 白人（37%；p=.04）相比，SGM 少数族裔（33%）的当前吸烟者比例较低。SGM 人群对公共和私人无烟环境的支持度和偏好普遍较低。
该策略性的目标人群抽样方法取得了大量多样化的样本。在 SGM 群体中发现高吸烟率与对无烟公共政策的普遍低支持率并存的情况，突显了需要进一步研究，以提供信息来制定减少烟草使用和增加对无烟环境支持的计划。
