Parasitological Institute of the Slovak Academy, of Sciences, Hlinkova 3, 040 01, Košice, Slovakia.
Environ Monit Assess. 2011 Dec;183(1-4):451-64. doi: 10.1007/s10661-011-1932-y. Epub 2011 Mar 4.
Soil nematode communities (taxa composition, trophic structure, ecological indices) in the area of metallurgical factory (Oravské ferozliatinárske závody) in Široká, Northern Slovakia were investigated in 2009. The factory belongs to main sources of emissions originated by ferroalloy production in this region. Four sites (meadows) were selected in a downwind direction from the factory: site A was located 0.85 km far from the factory, and the other sites were maintained in approximately 2-km intervals from each other. Chemical analysis of soil samples showed low concentrations of heavy metals (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn), with all values being under Slovak limit concentrations of heavy metals in soils. Only the Cd content in the soil sample from site A slightly exceeded the allowable threshold, but it was decreasing with the distance from the factory, similarly as remaining metals except Cr, with slightly increasing trend of concentration. Within 64 identified nematode genera, the Helicotylenchus, Paratylenchus, Pratylenchus, Acrobeloides, Cephalobus and Rhabditis were most common and eudominant. This was clearly reflected on the trophic structure of nematode communities, where plant feeding nematodes and bacteriovorous prevailed. Significant negative correlation (P < 0.05) was observed between the abundance of bacteriovores and the concentration of Cu in the soil. On the other hand, fungivores showed significant correlation with Ni and Cr (P < 0.05) as well as predators with Cd, Pb and Zn contents in the soil (P < 0.01). The highly significant correlation (P < 0.05; P < 0.01) was found between As, Cd, Ni, Pb and Zn and Maturity Index 2-5. A negative relationship was detected between Maturity Index and the concentration of Cr in the soil (P < 0.01). On the other hand, Cu was in positive correlation with MI values. The MI, reflecting the degree of disturbances and changes in the structure and function of the soil ecosystem, was found to be the most sensitive indicator among all used indices.
2009 年，研究了斯洛伐克北希罗卡（Široká）冶金厂（Oravské ferozliatinárske závody）地区的土壤线虫群落（分类组成、营养结构、生态指数）。该工厂属于该地区铁合金生产排放的主要污染源。从工厂下风方向选择了四个地点（草地）：地点 A 距离工厂 0.85 公里，其他地点彼此保持约 2 公里的间隔。土壤样本的化学分析显示重金属（As、Cd、Cr、Cu、Ni、Pb 和 Zn）浓度较低，所有值均低于斯洛伐克土壤重金属限量标准。只有来自地点 A 的土壤样本中的 Cd 含量略高于允许的阈值，但随着与工厂的距离的增加而降低，其余金属（Cr 除外）的浓度呈略有增加的趋势。在确定的 64 种线虫属中，Helicotylenchus、Paratylenchus、Pratylenchus、Acrobeloides、Cephalobus 和 Rhabditis 最为常见和优势。这在线虫群落的营养结构中得到了清晰的反映，其中以植物食线虫和细菌食线虫为主。细菌食线虫的丰度与土壤中 Cu 的浓度呈显著负相关（P < 0.05）。另一方面，真菌食线虫与 Ni 和 Cr（P < 0.05）以及捕食者与土壤中 Cd、Pb 和 Zn 含量呈显著相关（P < 0.01）。在土壤中，As、Cd、Ni、Pb 和 Zn 与成熟度指数 2-5 之间存在高度显著的相关性（P < 0.05；P < 0.01）。在土壤中 Cr 浓度与成熟度指数之间检测到负相关（P < 0.01）。另一方面，Cu 与 MI 值呈正相关。MI 反映了土壤生态系统结构和功能受到干扰和变化的程度，是所有使用的指标中最敏感的指标。
