Schläpfer G, Eichmann A
Dermatologische Klinik, Universitätsspital Zürich.
Schweiz Med Wochenschr. 1990 Jan 27;120(4):92-7.
During the period 1981 to 1988 2688 strains of N. gonorrhoeae from patients with gonorrhea were investigated at the Department of Dermatology. Zürich University Hospital. The frequency of gonorrhea decreased by 86% (from 566 in 1981 to 76 in 1988). The proportion of PPNG strains varied between 3.5% and 6.5% until 1986 and increased to 20% in 1988. If chromosomal penicillin resistant strains are included, in 1988 25% of all isolated N. gonorrhoeae strains were resistant to penicillin. Until 1984 West African and South East Asian countries were almost exclusively the source of the PPNG strains. In 1988 our PPNG strains were acquired in all five continents. Since 1985 roughly 20% of the PPNG infections have been acquired in Zurich. 95 out of 125 PPNG strains between 1981 and 1988 were examined for plasmids. 85 out of 95 PPNG strains contained the 4.4-MD plasmid ("Asia plasmid") and 8 out of 95 the 3.2-MD plasmid ("Africa plasmid"), while 63 out of 95 PPNG strains additionally contained the 24,6-MD transfer plasmid. Antibiotic resistance was as follows: all PPNG strains were resistant to penicillin (MIC greater than 1 microgram/ml). 80% to 100% were resistant to tetracycline (MIC greater than 1 microgram/ml), and 100% were sensitive to spectinomycin (MIC less than 30 micrograms/ml) and to thiamphenicol (MIC less than 2 micrograms/ml) respectively.
1981年至1988年期间，苏黎世大学医院皮肤科对2688株来自淋病患者的淋病奈瑟菌进行了研究。淋病发病率下降了86%（从1981年的566例降至1988年的76例）。1986年前，产青霉素酶淋病奈瑟菌（PPNG）菌株的比例在3.5%至6.5%之间变化，1988年增至20%。若将染色体介导的青霉素耐药菌株包括在内，1988年所有分离出的淋病奈瑟菌菌株中有25%对青霉素耐药。1984年前，PPNG菌株几乎全部来自西非和东南亚国家。1988年，我们的PPNG菌株来自五大洲。自1985年以来，约20%的PPNG感染发生在苏黎世。1981年至1988年期间，对125株PPNG菌株中的95株进行了质粒检测。95株PPNG菌株中有85株含有4.4兆道尔顿质粒（“亚洲质粒”），95株中有8株含有3.2兆道尔顿质粒（“非洲质粒”），而95株PPNG菌株中有63株还含有24.6兆道尔顿的转移质粒。抗生素耐药情况如下：所有PPNG菌株均对青霉素耐药（最低抑菌浓度大于1微克/毫升）。80%至100%对四环素耐药（最低抑菌浓度大于1微克/毫升），100%分别对壮观霉素（最低抑菌浓度小于30微克/毫升）和甲砜霉素（最低抑菌浓度小于2微克/毫升）敏感。
