Al-Hussinee L, Lord S, Stevenson R M W, Casey R N, Groocock G H, Britt K L, Kohler K H, Wooster G A, Getchell R G, Bowser P R, Lumsden J S
Fish Pathology Laboratory, Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, N1G 2W1, Canada.
Dis Aquat Organ. 2011 Jan 21;93(2):117-27. doi: 10.3354/dao02285.
A novel viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) (genotype IVb) has been isolated from mortality events in a range of wild freshwater fish from the Great Lakes since 2005. In 2005 and 2006, numerous new freshwater host species (approximately 90 fish from 12 different species) were confirmed to have VHSV by cell culture and reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. A prominent feature observed in infected fish were the petechial and ecchymotic haemorrhages on the body surface and in visceral organs, as well as serosanguinous ascites; however, many fish had few and subtle, gross lesions. Histologically, virtually all fish had a vasculitis and multifocal necrosis of numerous tissues. Excellent correlation was found between the presence of VHSV IVb antigen detected by immunohistochemistry and the pathological changes noted by light microscopy. Intact and degenerate leukocytes, including cells resembling lymphocytes and macrophages, also had cytoplasmic viral antigen. By contrast, renal tubules and gonadal tissues (ovary and testis), were strongly immunopositive for VHSV IVb, but no lesions were noted.
自2005年以来，一种新型病毒性出血性败血症病毒（VHSV）（IVb基因型）已从五大湖一系列野生淡水鱼的死亡事件中分离出来。2005年和2006年，通过细胞培养和逆转录酶聚合酶链反应，证实了许多新的淡水宿主物种（来自12个不同物种的约90条鱼）感染了VHSV。在受感染的鱼身上观察到的一个显著特征是体表和内脏器官出现瘀点和瘀斑出血，以及血性腹水；然而，许多鱼的肉眼可见病变很少且不明显。组织学上，几乎所有的鱼都出现血管炎和许多组织的多灶性坏死。通过免疫组织化学检测到的VHSV IVb抗原的存在与光学显微镜下观察到的病理变化之间存在极好的相关性。完整的和退化的白细胞，包括类似淋巴细胞和巨噬细胞的细胞，也有细胞质病毒抗原。相比之下，肾小管和性腺组织（卵巢和睾丸）对VHSV IVb呈强免疫阳性，但未观察到病变。
