Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China.
Transfusion. 2011 Sep;51(9):1909-18. doi: 10.1111/j.1537-2995.2011.03067.x. Epub 2011 Mar 7.
Human parvovirus B19 is a common human pathogen that causes a variety of diseases with outcomes ranging from asymptomatic to severe, especially in immunocompromised patients. The B19 virus can be transmitted via blood and/or blood products and its resistance to common viral inactivation and/or removal methods raises the importance of B19-related blood safety. However, the existence, variation, and loading of B19 in Chinese blood donors have not been determined.
Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was developed to detect all three genotypes of the human erythrovirus DNA in plasma samples. In total, 3957 donations from four Chinese blood centers were screened for B19 by real-time minipool nucleic acid amplification technology (NAT). The positive samples were then confirmed by nested PCR and subjected to sequence analysis and alignment for phylogenetic studies. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay-based experiment was also performed to identify the prevalence of immunoglobulin (Ig)G and/or IgM antibodies specific to the B19 structural proteins in acquired samples.
Of 3957 blood donors, 23 (0.58%) specimens were found positive for B19 DNA. The quantitative DNA levels ranged from 2.48 × 10(2) to 6.38 × 10(4) copies/mL. The phylogenic analyses showed that the prevalent genotypes in Chinese blood donors belong to B19 Genotype 1. A total of 448 samples from Chinese blood donors were investigated for the seroprevalence of B19 antibodies, among which 24.6 and 6.9% of specimens were seropositive for B19 IgG and IgM antibodies, respectively. A total of 2.5% of these samples were positive for both antibody isotypes.
Whether B19 NAT screening of blood and blood products should be launched in China, larger studies are needed to facilitate an informed decision.
人类细小病毒 B19 是一种常见的人类病原体，可引起多种疾病，从无症状到严重不等，尤其是在免疫功能低下的患者中。B19 病毒可通过血液和/或血液制品传播，其对常见病毒灭活和/或去除方法的抵抗力提高了与 B19 相关的血液安全性的重要性。然而，中国献血者中 B19 的存在、变异和载量尚未确定。
开发了定量聚合酶链反应（PCR）来检测血浆样本中的三种人类红病毒 DNA 基因型。使用实时 mini-pool 核酸扩增技术（NAT）对来自中国四个血液中心的 3957 份献血进行 B19 筛查。然后通过巢式 PCR 对阳性样本进行确认，并进行序列分析和系统发育研究。还进行了酶联免疫吸附试验实验，以确定获得的样本中针对 B19 结构蛋白的免疫球蛋白（Ig）G 和/或 IgM 抗体的流行率。
在 3957 名献血者中，有 23 份（0.58%）标本 B19 DNA 阳性。定量 DNA 水平范围为 2.48×10（2）至 6.38×10（4）拷贝/ml。系统发育分析表明，中国献血者中流行的基因型属于 B19 基因型 1。对来自中国献血者的 448 份样本进行了 B19 抗体的血清流行率调查，其中 24.6%和 6.9%的标本分别对 B19 IgG 和 IgM 抗体呈阳性。共有 2.5%的样本同时对两种抗体同种型呈阳性。
是否应在中国开展血液和血液制品的 B19 NAT 筛查，需要进行更大规模的研究，以便做出明智的决策。
