Department of Psychiatry, Sleep & Neurophysiology Research Laboratory, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.
J Am Board Fam Med. 2011 Mar-Apr;24(2):161-8. doi: 10.3122/jabfm.2011.02.100028.
Blacks experience a number of health disparities. Sleep disturbances contribute to poor health. This preliminary study explores whether a disparity in sleep disturbances exists among blacks compared with whites and others.
A cross-sectional study was conducted in a sample (n = 92) of urban primary care patients (52% black, 46% white, and 2% other) from a university-based family medicine practice. Mean (SD) age was 51.9 years (8.9 years). Participants completed the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, Revised, and a checklist of chronic health conditions.
The rate of clinically meaningful sleep disturbance was 71%. In bivariate logistic regressions, black race was associated with sleep disturbance (odds ratio [OR], 3.00; 95% CI, 1.17-7.69). Controlling for income attenuated that association by about 11% (race OR, 2.71; 95% CI, 1.04-7.06). Education explained about 35% (race OR, 2.39; 95% CI, 0.89-6.42). Adjustment for depression, chronic illness, and education simultaneously resulted in an estimate for race of OR, 2.44; 95% CI, 0.85-7.01.
Being black is associated with a sleep disturbance that is accounted for only partially by depression, socioeconomic status, and disease burden. Black primary care patients may benefit from additional screening and monitoring of sleep difficulties.
黑人经历了许多健康差异。睡眠障碍会导致健康状况不佳。本初步研究探讨了与白人和其他人相比，黑人是否存在睡眠障碍的差异。
在一项针对城市初级保健患者（52%为黑人，46%为白人，2%为其他种族）的横断面研究中，对来自大学附属医院家庭医学实践的样本（n=92）进行了研究。参与者完成了匹兹堡睡眠质量指数、修订后的流行病学研究抑郁量表和一份慢性健康状况检查表。
临床意义上的睡眠障碍发生率为 71%。在双变量逻辑回归中，黑人种族与睡眠障碍相关（优势比[OR]，3.00；95%置信区间，1.17-7.69）。控制收入后，这种关联减弱了约 11%（种族 OR，2.71；95%置信区间，1.04-7.06）。教育解释了大约 35%的差异（种族 OR，2.39；95%置信区间，0.89-6.42）。同时调整抑郁、慢性疾病和教育因素后，种族的估计比值比（OR）为 2.44；95%置信区间，0.85-7.01。
黑人与睡眠障碍有关，而这种睡眠障碍仅部分归因于抑郁、社会经济地位和疾病负担。黑人初级保健患者可能需要额外的睡眠困难筛查和监测。
