Division of Geriatric Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
J Am Geriatr Soc. 2011 Mar;59(3):463-72. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2011.03320.x.
To review the benefits of oral feeding options in people with dementia.
Systematic literature search with review of potentially eligible studies by two independent investigators.
PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, CINAHL, and PsychINFO literature indices between January 1990 and October 2009.
Clinical trials with random or nonrandom control groups were included if they reported on clinical outcomes of oral feeding interventions for people with dementia.
Investigators abstracted data from included studies using a structured instrument. Studies were graded on quality and potential bias, and overall strength of evidence was summarized.
Thirteen controlled trials provided data on use of supplements for people with dementia, and 12 controlled trials tested assisted feeding or other interventions. Studies provide moderate-strength evidence for high-calorie supplements, and low-strength evidence for appetite stimulants, assisted feeding, and modified foods to promote weight gain in people with dementia. The few studies measuring function or survival showed no difference.
High-calorie supplements and other oral feeding options can help people with dementia with feeding problems to gain weight; they are unlikely to improve other outcomes. These treatments can be offered alone or in combination as an alternative to tube feeding.
综述痴呆患者的口服喂养选择的益处。
通过两位独立研究者对可能合格的研究进行系统文献检索和评价。
PubMed/MEDLINE、EMBASE、Cochrane 图书馆、CINAHL 和 PsychINFO 文献索引，检索时间为 1990 年 1 月至 2009 年 10 月。
临床试验中纳入了有随机或非随机对照组的研究，如果其报告了痴呆患者的口服喂养干预的临床结局。
研究者使用一个结构化的工具从纳入的研究中提取数据。对研究进行质量和潜在偏倚分级，并总结总体证据强度。
13 项对照试验提供了痴呆患者使用补充剂的数据，12 项对照试验测试了辅助喂养或其他干预措施。研究为高热量补充剂提供了中等强度的证据，为食欲刺激剂、辅助喂养和促进增重的改良食品提供了低强度的证据。少数测量功能或生存的研究没有显示出差异。
高热量补充剂和其他口服喂养选择可以帮助有喂养问题的痴呆患者增加体重；它们不太可能改善其他结局。这些治疗可以单独或联合提供，作为管饲的替代方法。
