Dept of Psychiatric R & D, Akershus University Hospital, 1478 Lørenskog, Norway.
BMC Psychiatry. 2011 Mar 10;11:40. doi: 10.1186/1471-244X-11-40.
Inmates on preventive detention are a small and select group sentenced to an indefinite term of imprisonment. Mood disorders and substance abuse are risk factors for inmate violence and recidivism, so the prevalence of depression, anxiety, and substance abuse was examined in this cohort using psychometric tests.
Completion of self-report questionnaires was followed by face-to-face clinical interviews with 26 of the 56 male inmates on preventive detention in Norway's Ila Prison. Substance abuse histories and information about the type of psychiatric treatment received were compiled. To assess anxiety and depression, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), the Clinical Anxiety Scale (CAS), and the Montgomery Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) were used.
Scores on the MADRS revealed that 46.1% of inmates had symptoms of mild depression. The HADS depression subscale showed that 19.2% scored above the cut-off for depression (κ = 0.57). The CAS anxiety score was above the cut-off for 30.7% of the subjects, while 34.6% also scored above the cut-off on the HADS anxiety subscale (κ = 0.61). Almost 70% of all these inmates, and more than 80% of those convicted of sex crimes, had a history of alcohol and/or drug abuse.
Mild anxiety and depression was found frequently among inmates on preventive detention. Likewise, the majority of the inmates had a history of alcohol and drug abuse. Mood disorders and substance abuse may enhance recidivism, so rehabilitation programs should be tailored to address these problems.
预防性拘留囚犯是一小部分被判处无限期监禁的精选人群。情绪障碍和药物滥用是囚犯暴力和累犯的风险因素，因此，本研究使用心理测试检查了这一队列中抑郁、焦虑和药物滥用的患病率。
在挪威伊拉监狱的 56 名男性预防性拘留囚犯中，有 26 人完成了自我报告问卷，随后进行了面对面的临床访谈。收集了药物滥用史和所接受的精神科治疗类型的信息。为了评估焦虑和抑郁，使用了医院焦虑和抑郁量表（HADS）、临床焦虑量表（CAS）和蒙哥马利抑郁评定量表（MADRS）。
MADRS 评分显示，46.1%的囚犯有轻度抑郁症状。HADS 抑郁分量表显示，19.2%的囚犯得分高于抑郁临界值（κ=0.57）。CAS 焦虑评分高于临界值的受试者占 30.7%，而 HADS 焦虑分量表得分高于临界值的受试者占 34.6%（κ=0.61）。几乎 70%的囚犯，以及 80%以上的性犯罪囚犯，都有酒精和/或药物滥用史。
预防性拘留囚犯中经常出现轻度焦虑和抑郁。同样，大多数囚犯都有酒精和药物滥用史。情绪障碍和药物滥用可能会增加累犯的风险，因此康复计划应针对这些问题进行定制。
