Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Emerg Infect Dis. 2011 Mar;17(3):343-9. doi: 10.3201/eid1703.100604.
To characterize the distribution of nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) species isolated from pulmonary samples from persons in Asia and their association with pulmonary infections, we reviewed the literature. Mycobacterium avium complex bacteria were most frequently isolated (13%-81%) and were the most common cause of pulmonary NTM disease (43%-81%). Also pathogenic were rapidly growing mycobacteria (M. chelonae, M. fortuitum, M. abscessus). Among all NTM isolated from pulmonary samples, 31% (582/1,744) were considered clinically relevant according to American Thoracic Society diagnostic criteria. Most patients were male (79%) and had a history of tuberculosis (37%). In Asia, high prevalence of rapidly growing mycobacteria and a history of tuberculosis are distinct characteristics of pulmonary NTM disease. This geographic variation is not well reflected in the American Thoracic Society criteria for NTM infections and could be incorporated in future guidelines.
为了描述从亚洲人群的肺部样本中分离出的非结核分枝杆菌（NTM）的分布情况及其与肺部感染的关系，我们查阅了文献。鸟分枝杆菌复合群细菌（Mycobacterium avium complex bacteria）的分离率最高（13%-81%），也是肺部 NTM 疾病的最常见原因（43%-81%）。生长迅速的分枝杆菌（M. chelonae、M. fortuitum、M. abscessus）也是病原体。根据美国胸科学会的诊断标准，从肺部样本中分离出的所有 NTM 中，有 31%（582/1,744）被认为具有临床相关性。大多数患者为男性（79%），且有肺结核病史（37%）。在亚洲，生长迅速的分枝杆菌的高流行率和肺结核病史是肺部 NTM 疾病的显著特征。这种地域差异在 NTM 感染的美国胸科学会标准中并未得到充分体现，未来的指南可能会将其纳入。
