University of Michigan Transportation Research Institute, 2901 Baxter Rd., Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2150, USA.
J Safety Res. 2011 Feb;42(1):33-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jsr.2010.11.005. Epub 2011 Jan 14.
Previous studies have shown that increased risk in darkness is particularly great for pedestrian crashes, suggesting that attempts to improve headlighting should focus on factors that likely influence those crashes. The current analysis was designed to provide information about how details of pedestrian crashes may differ between daylight and darkness.
All pedestrian crashes that occurred in daylight or dark conditions in Michigan during 2004 were analyzed in terms of the variables included in the State of Michigan crash database. Additional analysis of the narratives and diagrams in police accident reports was performed for a subset of 400 of those crashes-200 sampled from daylight and 200 sampled from darkness.
Several differences were found that appear to be related to the characteristic asymmetry of low-beam headlamps, which (in the United States) distributes more light on the passenger's side than the driver's side of the vehicle. These results provide preliminary quantification of the how the photometric differences between the right and left sides of typical headlamps may affect pedestrian crash risk.
The results suggest that efforts to provide supplemental forward vehicle lighting in turns may have safety benefits for pedestrians.
先前的研究表明，在黑暗中行人遭遇事故的风险增加尤其明显，这表明改进照明的尝试应侧重于可能影响这些事故的因素。本分析旨在提供有关行人和骑车人在白天和黑夜事故细节可能有何不同的信息。
在密歇根州，2004 年白天和黑夜发生的所有行人事故都根据密歇根州事故数据库中的变量进行了分析。对其中 400 起事故的叙述和警察事故报告中的图表进行了额外分析，这些事故中有 200 起是白天发生的，200 起是黑夜发生的。
发现了一些差异，这些差异似乎与低光束前照灯的特征不对称有关，在美国，这种前照灯的灯光分布在车辆的乘客侧比驾驶员侧更多。这些结果初步量化了典型前照灯左右两侧的光度差异如何影响行人碰撞风险。
结果表明，在转弯时提供额外的前向车辆照明的努力可能对行人有安全益处。
