Virginia Transportation Research Council, Charlottesville, VA 22903, United States.
Accid Anal Prev. 2009 Sep;41(5):1034-9. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2009.06.013. Epub 2009 Jul 1.
In an effort to improve pedestrian safety, several states in the United States changed their pedestrian laws by changing the requirement that drivers yield to pedestrians in crosswalks to a requirement that drivers stop for pedestrians in crosswalks. This study examined whether this change had an effect on pedestrian safety in the United States, with its focus on low-speed roads. To examine the association between changes in pedestrian laws and changes in pedestrian-involved fatal crashes, three approaches were employed: before-after analysis, time-series analysis, and cross-sectional analysis. Pedestrian-involved fatal traffic crashes on low-speed roads were extracted from the U.S. national fatal crash database, the Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS), from 1980 through 2005. This study found no statistically significant reduction in pedestrian-involved fatal crashes attributable to changes in the laws, yet this finding is not definitive because of study limitations such as the omission of relevant exposure data.
为了提高行人安全，美国的几个州修改了行人法规，将驾驶员在横道线上避让行人的要求改为驾驶员在横道线上为行人停车的要求。本研究考察了这一变化是否对美国的行人安全产生了影响，重点是低速道路。为了研究行人法规的变化与行人卷入的致命撞车事故之间的关系，采用了三种方法：前后分析、时间序列分析和横断面分析。从 1980 年至 2005 年，从美国国家致命碰撞数据库（FARS）中提取了低速道路上涉及行人的致命交通碰撞事故。本研究发现，由于研究限制，如遗漏相关暴露数据，无法归因于法律变化的行人卷入的致命碰撞事故没有统计学意义上的减少。
