University of North Carolina at Asheville, NC 28804, USA.
Health Educ Behav. 2011 Apr;38(2):143-9. doi: 10.1177/1090198110376350. Epub 2011 Mar 10.
Expectancy-value models of motivation have been applied to understanding children's choices in areas such as academics and sports. Here, an expectancy-value paradigm is applied to exercising (defined as engaging in physical activity). The notion of perceived cost is highlighted in particular. Two hundred twenty children in third, fourth, and fifth grades were surveyed on their competence beliefs, perceived importance, interest, and perceived cost of being physically active. Results indicated that perceived cost is empirically distinct from competence beliefs and other types of value, that perceived cost is marginally related to children's self-reported level of physical activity, and children's beliefs and other values are related to their self-reported level of physical activity. Children's perceptions of cost vary depending on grade and gender. Interventions based on these findings are proposed.
期望价值模型已被应用于理解儿童在学术和体育等领域的选择。在这里，期望价值范式被应用于锻炼（定义为进行体育活动）。特别强调了感知成本的概念。对三年级、四年级和五年级的 220 名儿童进行了关于他们的能力信念、感知重要性、兴趣和进行体育活动的感知成本的调查。结果表明，感知成本与能力信念和其他类型的价值在经验上是不同的，感知成本与儿童自我报告的体育活动水平有一定的关系，儿童的信念和其他价值观与他们自我报告的体育活动水平有关。儿童对成本的看法因年级和性别而异。根据这些发现提出了干预措施。
