Narasimha Aparna, Vasudeva D S
Department of Pathology, Sri Devraj Urs Academy of Higher Education and Research, Tamaka, Kolar, Karnataka, India.
Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2011 Jan-Mar;54(1):15-20. doi: 10.4103/0377-4929.77317.
Toxemia of pregnancy is the leading cause of maternal mortality and is an important factor in fetal wastage. The incidence is high in developing countries with malnutrition, hypoproteinemia, and poor obstetric facilities.
The present study was undertaken to analyze placental changes in the preeclampsia-eclampsia syndrome with a view to assess the significance of villous abnormalities by histopathological methods because these changes serve as a guide to the duration and severity of disease. Gross abnormalities noted were the placental infarcts, retroplacental hematoma, and calcification.
The striking villous abnormalities observed in the study group were cytotrophoblastic proliferation (86%), thickening of the villous basement membranes (95.23%), increase in syncytial knots (90.4%), villous stromal fibrosis (92%), fibrinoid necrosis (97.82%), endarteritis obliterans (53.96%), decreased villous vascularity, and paucity of vasculosyncytial membranes (93.65%).
The gross abnormalities and villous lesions in the preeclampsia (P < 0.001) and eclampsia syndrome (P < 0.05) were significant.
妊娠毒血症是孕产妇死亡的主要原因，也是导致胎儿死亡的重要因素。在存在营养不良、低蛋白血症和产科设施简陋的发展中国家，其发病率很高。
本研究旨在分析先兆子痫-子痫综合征中的胎盘变化，以便通过组织病理学方法评估绒毛异常的意义，因为这些变化可作为疾病持续时间和严重程度的指标。观察到的大体异常包括胎盘梗死、胎盘后血肿和钙化。
研究组观察到的显著绒毛异常包括细胞滋养层细胞增生（86%）、绒毛基底膜增厚（95.23%）、合体结节增多（90.4%）、绒毛间质纤维化（92%）、纤维素样坏死（97.82%）、闭塞性动脉内膜炎（53.96%）、绒毛血管减少以及血管合体膜缺乏（93.65%）。
先兆子痫（P < 0.001）和子痫综合征（P < 0.05）中的大体异常和绒毛病变具有显著性。
