Holzwarth Nathalie, Pospischil Andreas, Mavrot Fabien, Vilei Edy M, Hilbe Monika, Zlinszky Kati, Regenscheit Nadine, Pewsner Mirjam, Thoma Rudolf, Borel Nicole
Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 268, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland.
J Vet Diagn Invest. 2011 Mar;23(2):333-7. doi: 10.1177/104063871102300223.
Because interactions between livestock and chamois occur on Alpine pastures, transmission of infectious diseases is considered possible. Thus, the occurrence of Chlamydiaceae, Mycoplasma conjunctivae, and pestiviruses in Alpine chamois (Rupicapra r. rupicapra) of the Surselva region (eastern Swiss Alps) was investigated. In total, 71 sera, 158 eye swabs, 135 tissue samples, and 23 fecal samples from 85 chamois were analyzed. The sera were tested by 2 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits specific for Chlamydophila abortus. Eye swabs, tissue, and fecal samples were examined by a Chlamydiaceae-specific real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Positive cases were further investigated by microarray method. One serum sample (1.4%) was positive in 1 of the ELISAs. Eye swabs of 3 chamois (3.8%) were positive for Chlamydiaceae. The microarray method revealed the presence of Chlamydophila abortus, C. pecorum, and C. pneumoniae. All tissue and fecal samples were negative. With real-time PCR, 3.9% of the chamois tested positive for Mycoplasma conjunctivae. One chamois had a simultaneous infection with M. conjunctivae and 2 chlamydial species (C. abortus, C. pecorum). Skin and tongue tissue samples of 35 chamois were negative for pestivirus antigen by immunohistochemistry. It was concluded that in contrast to the findings in Pyrenean chamois (Capra p. pyrenaica) of Spain, the occurrence of Chlamydiaceae in Alpine chamois of the Surselva region is low, and the transmission between domestic and wild Caprinae seems not to be frequent. Comparably, persistent pestiviral infections do not seem to be common in chamois of the Surselva region.
由于家畜与岩羚羊的互动发生在阿尔卑斯山区的牧场，因此认为存在传染病传播的可能性。因此，对瑞士东部阿尔卑斯山区苏尔塞尔瓦地区的阿尔卑斯岩羚羊（Rupicapra r. rupicapra）中衣原体科、结膜支原体和瘟病毒的存在情况进行了调查。总共分析了来自85只岩羚羊的71份血清样本、158份眼拭子样本、135份组织样本和23份粪便样本。血清样本通过2种针对流产嗜衣原体的酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）试剂盒进行检测。眼拭子、组织和粪便样本通过衣原体科特异性实时聚合酶链反应（PCR）进行检测。阳性病例通过微阵列方法进一步研究。1份血清样本（1.4%）在其中1种ELISA检测中呈阳性。3只岩羚羊的眼拭子（3.8%）衣原体科检测呈阳性。微阵列方法显示存在流产嗜衣原体、猪衣原体和肺炎衣原体。所有组织和粪便样本均为阴性。通过实时PCR检测，3.9%的岩羚羊结膜支原体检测呈阳性。1只岩羚羊同时感染了结膜支原体和2种衣原体（流产嗜衣原体、猪衣原体）。通过免疫组织化学检测，35只岩羚羊的皮肤和舌组织样本瘟病毒抗原呈阴性。得出的结论是，与西班牙比利牛斯岩羚羊（Capra p. pyrenaica）的研究结果不同，苏尔塞尔瓦地区阿尔卑斯岩羚羊中衣原体科的感染率较低，家养和野生山羊亚科之间的传播似乎并不频繁。同样，持续性瘟病毒感染在苏尔塞尔瓦地区的岩羚羊中似乎也不常见。
