Chinese Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
Pediatrics. 2011 Apr;127(4):e927-33. doi: 10.1542/peds.2010-1659. Epub 2011 Mar 14.
We aimed to compare affect and behavior of 3 groups of nonanemic 4-year-old children: children with iron-deficiency anemia (IDA) in infancy whose anemia was not corrected before 24 months (chronic IDA) (n = 27); children with IDA in infancy whose anemia was corrected before 24 months (corrected IDA) (n = 70); and children who were nonanemic in infancy and at 24 months (n = 64).
Mother and child dyads were invited to a local clinic room. Children's social referencing, wariness, frustration-tolerance behavior, and affect were observed during a set of situations encountered in the laboratory, including free play, stranger approach, novel toy, and delay of gratification. The whole procedure was videotaped. The children's affective and behavioral displays were coded by using a time-sampling (5-second segments) code scheme. Iron status of children was determined on the basis of hemoglobin concentration measured with the cyanomethemoglobin method in blood samples obtained by fingerstick in infancy and at the ages of 24 months and 4 years.
Children who had chronic IDA in infancy displayed less positive affect, less frustration tolerance, more passive behavior, and more physical self-soothing in the stranger approach and delay of gratification. In contrast, the behavior and affect of children whose anemia was corrected before the age of 24 months were comparable to those of children who were nonanemic throughout infancy.
The results point to the potential benefits of preventing iron deficiency in infancy and treating it before it becomes chronic or severe.
我们旨在比较三组非贫血 4 岁儿童的情绪和行为：婴儿期患有缺铁性贫血（IDA）且在 24 个月前未纠正贫血的儿童（慢性 IDA）（n = 27）；婴儿期 IDA 且在 24 个月前纠正贫血的儿童（纠正 IDA）（n = 70）；以及婴儿期和 24 个月时无贫血的儿童（n = 64）。
邀请母婴对子到当地诊所的房间。在实验室中遇到的一系列情况下观察儿童的社会参照、警惕性、挫折容忍行为和情绪，包括自由玩耍、陌生人接近、新玩具和延迟满足。整个过程都被录像。使用时间采样（5 秒片段）编码方案对儿童的情感和行为表现进行编码。根据婴儿期和 24 个月和 4 岁时手指采血用氰化高铁血红蛋白法测量的血红蛋白浓度确定儿童的铁状态。
婴儿期患有慢性 IDA 的儿童在陌生人接近和延迟满足时表现出较少的积极情绪、较少的挫折容忍、更多的被动行为和更多的身体自我安慰。相比之下，在 24 个月前纠正贫血的儿童的行为和情绪与整个婴儿期无贫血的儿童相似。
结果表明，预防婴儿期缺铁和在缺铁变得慢性或严重之前进行治疗可能会带来益处。
